1. 下载安装minikube

最新版（目前是v1.20.0）

https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-installer.exe

2. minikube start 命令

• windows 环境下，minikube需要启动虚拟机，这里使用virtualbox。

minikube start --driver=virtualbox --registry-mirror=https://registry.docker-cn.com,https://shraym0v.mirror.aliyuncs.com --embed-certs=true --image-mirror-country=cn --image-repository=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers

说明：通过上面的命令启动minikube，会出现有的镜像无法拉取的问题，也就是说registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers镜像仓库很多镜像不存在，经过不断的测试，使用如下命令就可以正常启动并拉取镜像，所以我们不需要设置这两个参数：–image-mirror-country=cn和 --image-repository=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers

• 成功的命令如下

minikube start --driver=virtualbox --registry-mirror=https://registry.docker-cn.com,https://dmkkj9xm.mirror.aliyuncs.com --embed-certs=true

3. 验证minikube和检查k8s状态

C:\Windows\system32>minikube status
minikube
type: Control Plane
host: Running
kubelet: Running
apiserver: Running
kubeconfig: Configured

C:\Windows\system32>minikube kubectl -- get nodes
NAME       STATUS   ROLES                  AGE   VERSION
minikube   Ready    control-plane,master   28m   v1.20.2

C:\Windows\system32>minikube kubectl -- get pods -A
NAMESPACE     NAME                               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   coredns-74ff55c5b-mrhr2            1/1     Running   0          28m
kube-system   etcd-minikube                      1/1     Running   0          28m
kube-system   kube-apiserver-minikube            1/1     Running   0          28m
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-minikube   1/1     Running   0          28m
kube-system   kube-proxy-z87px                   1/1     Running   0          28m
kube-system   kube-scheduler-minikube            1/1     Running   0          28m
kube-system   storage-provisioner                1/1     Running   1          28m

C:\Windows\system32>minikube kubectl -- get svc -A
NAMESPACE     NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
default       kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1    <none>        443/TCP                  29m
kube-system   kube-dns     ClusterIP   10.96.0.10   <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   29m

C:\Windows\system32>minikube kubectl -- get cs -A
Warning: v1 ComponentStatus is deprecated in v1.19+
NAME                 STATUS      MESSAGE                                                                                       ERROR
controller-manager   Unhealthy   Get "http://127.0.0.1:10252/healthz": dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10252: connect: connection refused
scheduler            Unhealthy   Get "http://127.0.0.1:10251/healthz": dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10251: connect: connection refused
etcd-0               Healthy     {"health":"true"}                       

4. windows 使用kubectl 命令

将C:\Users\xxx\.minikube\cache\windows\v1.20.2\kubectl.exe 拷贝到C:\Program Files\Kubernetes\Minikube目录下即可。 因为后者已经加入环境变量Path, 所以可以直接运行kubectl命令。

C:\Windows\system32>kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes control plane is running at https://192.168.99.100:8443
KubeDNS is running at https://192.168.99.100:8443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy

5. 在minikube 虚拟机中使用kubectl 命令

• CMD运行minikube ssh 即可ssh进入虚拟机。

C:\Windows\system32>minikube ssh
                         _             _
            _         _ ( )           ( )
  ___ ___  (_)  ___  (_)| |/')  _   _ | |_      __
/' _ ` _ `\| |/' _ `\| || , <  ( ) ( )| '_`\  /'__`\
| ( ) ( ) || || ( ) || || |\`\ | (_) || |_) )(  ___/
(_) (_) (_)(_)(_) (_)(_)(_) (_)`\___/'(_,__/'`\____)

$ whoami
docker
$

但是这样有点不方便，可以先获取虚拟机IP和登录方式，然后使用xshell登录。

• 查询虚拟机ip

C:\Windows\system32>minikube ip
192.168.99.100

• 登录用户为docker（通过whoami 查询得知）

• ssh登录，需要配置ssh秘钥，秘钥地址在C:\Users\xxx\.minikube\machines\minikube\id_rsa

• 将kubectl 文件拷贝进虚拟机内

minikube cp C:\Users\xxx\.minikube\cache\linux\v1.20.2\kubectl /usr/bin/kubectl

• 将k8s config 拷贝进虚拟机内

minikube cp C:\Users\xxx\.kube\config /root/.kube/config 

在虚拟内切换root后, 即可执行kubectl

6. 开启dashboard 服务

C:\Windows\system32>minikube dashboard
* 正在开启 dashboard ...
  - Using image kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.1.0
  - Using image kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.4
* 正在验证 dashboard 运行情况 ...
* Launching proxy ...
* 正在验证 proxy 运行状况 ...
* Opening http://127.0.0.1:54567/api/v1/namespaces/kubernetes-dashboard/services/http:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/ in your default browser...

C:\Windows\system32>kubectl get svc -A
NAMESPACE              NAME                        TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
default                kubernetes                  ClusterIP   10.96.0.1        <none>        443/TCP                  4h40m
kube-system            kube-dns                    ClusterIP   10.96.0.10       <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   4h40m
kubernetes-dashboard   dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.106.205.128   <none>        8000/TCP                 2m57s
kubernetes-dashboard   kubernetes-dashboard        ClusterIP   10.108.222.19    <none>        80/TCP                   2m57s

7. 部署一个nginx服务

# kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
deployment.apps/nginx created

# kubectl get pod
NAME                     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-6799fc88d8-rmnjp   1/1     Running   0          91s

# kubectl expose deployment nginx --type=NodePort --port=80
service/nginx exposed

# kubectl get svc -o wide
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE     SELECTOR
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1      <none>        443/TCP        4h45m   <none>
nginx        NodePort    10.99.80.130   <none>        80:30421/TCP   70s     app=nginx

使用虚拟机ip+端口， 访问nginx

# curl -I http://10.0.2.15:30421
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.21.0
Date: Wed, 09 Jun 2021 06:22:01 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Last-Modified: Tue, 25 May 2021 12:28:56 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "60aced88-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

8. 删除刚刚部署的nginx服务

# kubectl delete deployment,svc nginx
service "nginx" deleted
deployment.apps "nginx" deleted