基于CentOS制作Linux发行版光盘

基于CentOS制作Linux发行版光盘Posted by 楚霏– 2011-12-28############################################## Custom Linux ISO Bulid# Author: 楚霏# Company: chengyongxu.com# Date: 2011-04-28# Update: 20

王肇朋

7030人浏览 · 2013-08-07 07:38:31

王肇朋 · 2013-08-07 07:38:31 发布

#############################################
# Custom Linux ISO Bulid
# Author: 楚霏
# Company: chengyongxu.com
# Date: 2011-04-28
# Update: 2011-12-23
# Env: CentOS 5.5 x86_64 && CentOS 6.2 x86_64
#############################################
一、安装制作发行版所需的基本软件包并创建工作目录

   
      1
      yum -y install anaconda-runtime createrepo yum-utils anacondaanaconda-help busybox-anaconda mkisofs
     
      2
      mkdir /os
     
      3
      mkdir /mnt/cdrom

二、复制母盘文件

   
      01
      #挂载光盘镜像
     
      02
      mount -t iso9660 -o loop /usr/local/src/CentOS-5.5-x86_64-bin-DVD-1of2.iso  /mnt/cdrom
     
      03
      mount -t iso9660 -o loop /usr/local/src/CentOS-6.2-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso  /mnt/cdrom
     
      04
      cd /mnt/cdrom
     
      05
      #将光盘文件拷到工作目录
     
      06
      tar -cf - . | ( cd /os ; tar -xvpf - )
     
      07
      #删除无用的文件
     
      08
      cd /os/
     
      09
      rm RELEASE-NOTES-* -f
     
      10
       
      11
      #centos5下是：
     
      12
      rm -rf /os/CentOS/*
     
      13
      #centos6下是：
     
      14
      rm -rf /os/Packages/*

三、定制package.list软件包清单

   
      01
      #以一台最小安装的线上服务器作为模板，将这台模板服务器安装时的/root/anaconda-ks.cfg拷贝到本地
     
      02
      #然后把这台模板服务器的RPM包信息导出拷贝到本地，导出方法是：
     
      03
      rpm -qa |awk -F- '{print $1}'  >> packages.list
     
      04
      #可以统计一下条数
     
      05
      wc -l /root/packages.list 
     
      06
      #如果你指定了alias cp=cp -i,刚先取消
     
      07
      alias  cp=cp
     
      08
       
      09
      #把需要的RPM包列表中的包从光盘镜像拷贝到目标目录的相应位置
     
      10
      #centos5下是：
     
      11
      for i  in `cat /root/packages.list`;do  cp -vrf /mnt/cdrom/CentOS/$i* /os/CentOS/;done
     
      12
      #centos6下是：
     
      13
      for i  in `cat /root/packages.list`;do  cp -vrf /mnt/cdrom/Packages/$i* /os/Packages/;done
     
      14
       
      15
      #把想安装系统之后放入系统的源码包（chengyongxu.com.tar.gz）放入工作目录下
     
      16
      mv chengyongxu.com.tar.gz /os/
     
      17
      #下载光盘镜像中没有，但又需要的RPM包，例如：
     
      18
      #centos5下是：
     
      19
      wget  http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/extras/x86_64/RPMS/mhash-0.9.9-1.el5.centos.x86_64.rpm
     
      20
      wget  http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.5/extras/x86_64/RPMS/mhash-devel-0.9.9-1.el5.centos.x86_64.rpm
     
      21
       
      22
      #执行createrepo程序生成repodata下的comps.xml文件
     
      23
      cd /os
     
      24
      #centos6下需要：
     
      25
      mv repodata/*-comps.xml repodata/comps.xml
     
      26
       
      27
      createrepo -g repodata/comps.xml .

四、配置kickstart

   
      001
      cd /os
     
      002
      #把模板服务器上anaconda-ks.cfg拷贝到工作目录
     
      003
      #订制完光盘默认密码是模板服务器装系统时的密码
     
      004
      cp anaconda-ks.cfg /os/ks.cfg
     
      005
      vi/os/isolinux/ks.cfg 并修改脚本如下:
     
      006
      vi ks.cfg
     
      007
      #CentOS 5的配置如下
     
      008
      #ks.cfg的详解请参考<a href="http://www.chengyongxu.com/blog/anaconda-ks-cfg%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3/" title="ks.cfg详解" target="_blank">http://www.chengyongxu.com/blog/anaconda-ks-cfg%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3/</a>
     
      009
      #----------------------------引用文字-开始----------------------------
     
      010
      # Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.
     
      011
       
      012
      install
     
      013
      cdrom
     
      014
      lang en_US.UTF-8
     
      015
      keyboard us
     
      016
      network --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp --hostname localhost
     
      017
      rootpw --iscrypted $1$kAVanbBp$QjTH30VQgnj/.gYkQ6aN0
     
      018
      firewall --enabled --port=22:tcp
     
      019
      authconfig --enableshadow --enablemd5
     
      020
      selinux --enforcing
     
      021
      timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai
     
      022
      bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda
     
      023
      # The following is the partition information you requested
     
      024
      # Note that any partitions you deleted are not expressed
     
      025
      # here so unless you clear all partitions first, this is
     
      026
      # not guaranteed to work
     
      027
      #clearpart --linux
     
      028
      clearpart --all --initlabel
     
      029
      part /boot --fstype ext3 --size=200 --asprimary
     
      030
      part / --fstype ext3 --size=40965
     
      031
      part swap --size=10245
     
      032
      part /data --fstype ext3 --size=1 --grow
     
      033
       
      034
      %packages
     
      035
      @base
     
      036
      @core
     
      037
      @dialup
     
      038
      @editors
     
      039
      @text-internet
     
      040
      keyutils
     
      041
      trousers
     
      042
      fipscheck
     
      043
      device-mapper-multipath
     
      044
      autoconf
     
      045
      automake
     
      046
      bison
     
      047
      bzip2-devel
     
      048
      compat-gcc-34-g77
     
      049
      compat-libstdc++-296
     
      050
      compat-libstdc++-33
     
      051
      curl
     
      052
      curl-devel
     
      053
      e2fsprogs-devel
     
      054
      flex
     
      055
      freetype-devel
     
      056
      gcc
     
      057
      gcc-c++
     
      058
      gettext-devel
     
      059
      krb5-devel
     
      060
      libidn-devel
     
      061
      libjpeg-devel
     
      062
      libpng-devel
     
      063
      libtiff-devel
     
      064
      libtool
     
      065
      libxml2
     
      066
      libxml2-devel
     
      067
      ncurses-devel
     
      068
      ntp
     
      069
      openssl-devel
     
      070
      pam-devel
     
      071
      sysstat
     
      072
      mhash-devel
     
      073
      zlib-devel
     
      074
       
      075
      # chengyongxu.com System Install
     
      076
      %post --nochroot
     
      077
       
      078
      # Mount CDROM
     
      079
      mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom
     
      080
      mount -r -t iso9660 /tmp/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
     
      081
       
      082
      # Copy our files, extract it ,then move to right locations
     
      083
      cp /mnt/cdrom/chengyongxu.com.tar.gz /mnt/sysimage/tmp/chengyongxu.com.tar.gz> /dev/null 
     
      084
      cd /mnt/sysimage/tmp/
     
      085
      tar -zxvf chengyongxu.com.tar.gz > /dev/null
     
      086
      cp -R /mnt/sysimage/tmp/src/* /mnt/sysimage/usr/local/src/ >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
     
      087
       
      088
      # Umount CDROM
     
      089
      umount /mnt/cdrom
     
      090
       
      091
      %post
     
      092
       
      093
      # ssh configration
     
      094
      sed -i  's/#UseDNS yes/UseDNS no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
     
      095
       
      096
      # Disable IPV6
     
      097
      sed -i  's/\IPV6\=yes/\IPV6\=no/g' /etc/sysconfig/network
     
      098
      echo 'alias net-pf-10 off
     
      099
      alias ipv6 off' >> /etc/modprobe.conf
     
      100
       
      101
      # Vim syntax on
     
      102
      VI_IN_BASH=`grep vim /root/.bashrc`
     
      103
      if [ -z  "$VI_IN_BASH" ]
     
      104
      then
     
      105
      echo "alias vi='vim'" >> /root/.bashrc
     
      106
      source /root/.bashrc
     
      107
      fi
     
      108
       
      109
      # rsync configration
     
      110
      echo "alias rsync='rsync -apur --partial -e \"ssh -p 22 -c arcfour\"'" >> /root/.bashrc
     
      111
       
      112
      # Show detail when use the "history" command
     
      113
      echo "HISTTIMEFORMAT=\"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S \"" >> /etc/profile
     
      114
       
      115
      # Turn off unnecessary services
     
      116
      SERVICE_NEED="apmd|atd|auditd|cpuspeed|crond|mdmonitor|mdmpd|microcode-ctl|network|ntpd|readahed_early|readahead_later|smartd|sshd|syslog|irqbalance"
     
      117
      SERVICE_NONEED=`chkconfig --list|awk '{print $1}'|grep -vE $SERVICE_NEED`
     
      118
      SERVICE_NEED_LIST=`echo $SERVICE_NEED|sed  "s/|/ /g"`
     
      119
      for i  in $SERVICE_NONEED; do chkconfig --level 2345 $i off; service $i stop; done
     
      120
      for i  in $SERVICE_NEED_LIST; do chkconfig --level 2345 $i on; service $i start; done
     
      121
      #----------------------------引用文字-结束----------------------------
     
      122
       
      123
      #CentOS 6的配置如下
     
      124
      #----------------------------引用文字-开始----------------------------
     
      125
      # Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.
     
      126
       
      127
      #version=RHEL6
     
      128
      install
     
      129
      cdrom
     
      130
      lang en_US.UTF-8
     
      131
      keyboard us
     
      132
      #network --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp --hostname localhost
     
      133
      rootpw  --iscrypted $6$5q5hu2jMre1MaP4f$DUEVi7i0qo/4Vrh7iiuemzwLVv96pGWVO.T/SzRLE15qYDY9ZP/UfVNXpsoYTZsNLWrlce.yudFo.L7/BlG1
     
      134
      firewall --service=ssh
     
      135
      authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512 --enablefingerprint
     
      136
      selinux --enforcing
     
      137
      timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai
     
      138
      bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet"
     
      139
      # The following is the partition information you requested
     
      140
      # Note that any partitions you deleted are not expressed
     
      141
      # here so unless you clear all partitions first, this is
     
      142
      # not guaranteed to work
     
      143
      #clearpart --none --drives=sda
     
      144
      clearpart --all --initlabel
     
      145
      part /boot --fstype=ext4 --size=200 --asprimary
     
      146
      part / --fstype=ext4 --size=40965
     
      147
      part swap --size=10245
     
      148
      part /data --fstype=ext4 --size=1 --grow
     
      149
       
      150
      repo --name="CentOS"  --baseurl=file:///mnt/source --cost=100
     
      151
       
      152
      %packages
     
      153
      @base
     
      154
      @client-mgmt-tools
     
      155
      @console-internet
     
      156
      @core
     
      157
      @server-policy
     
      158
      autoconf
     
      159
      automake
     
      160
      bison
     
      161
      bzip2-devel
     
      162
      cmake
     
      163
      compat-gcc-34-g77
     
      164
      compat-libstdc++-296
     
      165
      compat-libstdc++-33
     
      166
      curl
     
      167
      curl-devel
     
      168
      device-mapper-multipath
     
      169
      e2fsprogs-devel
     
      170
      flex
     
      171
      freetype-devel
     
      172
      ftp
     
      173
      gcc
     
      174
      gcc-c++
     
      175
      gettext-devel
     
      176
      htop
     
      177
      iptraf
     
      178
      krb5-devel
     
      179
      lftp
     
      180
      libidn-devel
     
      181
      libjpeg-devel
     
      182
      libpng-devel
     
      183
      libtiff-devel
     
      184
      libtool
     
      185
      libxml2
     
      186
      libxml2-devel
     
      187
      logwatch
     
      188
      lrzsz
     
      189
      make
     
      190
      ncurses-devel
     
      191
      ntp
     
      192
      openssl-devel
     
      193
      pam-devel
     
      194
      patch
     
      195
      sgpio
     
      196
      sysstat
     
      197
      trousers
     
      198
      mhash-devel
     
      199
      unix2dos
     
      200
      unzip
     
      201
      zlib-devel
     
      202
      %end
     
      203
       
      204
      # chengyongxu.com System Install
     
      205
      # CentOS 6 Can not use post --nochroot
     
      206
      %post --nochroot
     
      207
       
      208
      # Mount CDROM
     
      209
      mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom
     
      210
      mount -r -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
     
      211
       
      212
      # Copy our files, extract it ,then move to right locations
     
      213
      cd /mnt/cdrom/
     
      214
      tar -zmxvf chengyongxu.com.tar.gz -C /mnt/sysimage/usr/local/src/ > /dev/null
     
      215
      cd /mnt
     
      216
       
      217
      # Umount CDROM
     
      218
      umount /mnt/cdrom
     
      219
       
      220
      %post
     
      221
       
      222
      # ssh configration
     
      223
      sed -i  's/#UseDNS yes/UseDNS no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
     
      224
       
      225
      # Disable IPV6
     
      226
      echo "NETWORKING_IPV6=no" >> /etc/sysconfig/network
     
      227
      echo 'alias net-pf-10 off
     
      228
      options ipv6 disable=1' >> /etc/modprobe.d/ipv6-off.conf
     
      229
       
      230
      # Vim syntax on
     
      231
      VI_IN_BASH=`grep vim /root/.bashrc`
     
      232
      if [ -z  "$VI_IN_BASH" ]
     
      233
      then
     
      234
      echo "alias vi='vim'" >> /root/.bashrc
     
      235
      source /root/.bashrc
     
      236
      fi
     
      237
       
      238
      # rsync configration
     
      239
      echo "alias rsync='rsync -apur --partial -e \"ssh -p 22 -c arcfour\"'" >> /root/.bashrc
     
      240
       
      241
      # Show detail when use the "history" command
     
      242
      echo "HISTTIMEFORMAT=\"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S \"" >> /etc/profile
     
      243
       
      244
      # Add a crontab task
     
      245
      echo "0 */8 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 210.72.145.44" >> /var/spool/cron/root
     
      246
       
      247
      # If forget this, will output error : "sudo: sorry, you must have a tty to run sudo" on system boot
     
      248
      sed -i  's/Defaults    requiretty/#Defaults    requiretty/g'  /etc/sudoers
     
      249
       
      250
      # Install Nginx PHP MySQL Memcached GD Libxml Libmcrypt Libevent Sphinx Nrpe
     
      251
      tar -zmxvf /usr/local/src/Etc_Init.d.tar.gz -C /etc/init.d/ > /dev/null
     
      252
      tar -zmxvf /usr/local/src/my.cnf.tar.gz -C /etc/ > /dev/null
     
      253
      tar -zmxvf /usr/local/src/Usr_Local.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ > /dev/null
     
      254
       
      255
      # Add Users
     
      256
      groupadd www -g 88
     
      257
      useradd -u 88 -g www www -m
     
      258
      useradd mysql
     
      259
      useradd nagios
     
      260
       
      261
      # Add services
     
      262
      chkconfig --add nginx
     
      263
      chkconfig --add memcached
     
      264
      chkconfig --add mysqld
     
      265
      chkconfig --add nrpe
     
      266
      chkconfig --add sphinx
     
      267
       
      268
      # Turn off unnecessary services
     
      269
      SERVICE_NEED="apmd|atd|auditd|cpuspeed|crond|irqbalance|memcached|mdmonitor|mdmpd|microcode-ctl|network|nginx|ntpd|nrpe|readahed_early|readahead_later|smartd|sphinx|sshd|syslog"
     
      270
      SERVICE_NONEED=`chkconfig --list|awk '{print $1}'|grep -vE $SERVICE_NEED`
     
      271
      SERVICE_NEED_LIST=`echo $SERVICE_NEED|sed  "s/|/ /g"`
     
      272
      for i  in $SERVICE_NONEED; do chkconfig --level 2345 $i off; service $i stop; done
     
      273
      for i  in $SERVICE_NEED_LIST; do chkconfig --level 2345 $i on; service $i start; done
     
      274
       
      275
      # By 楚霏 (yxcx@yahoo.cn<script type="text/javascript">
     
      276
      /* <![CDATA[ */
     
      277
      (function(){try{var s,a,i,j,r,c,l,b=document.getElementsByTagName("script");l=b[b.length-1].previousSibling;a=l.getAttribute('data-cfemail');if(a){s='';r=parseInt(a.substr(0,2),16);for(j=2;a.length-j;j+=2){c=parseInt(a.substr(j,2),16)^r;s+=String.fromCharCode(c);}s=document.createTextNode(s);l.parentNode.replaceChild(s,l);}}catch(e){}})();
     
      278
      /* ]]> */
     
      279
      </script>)
     
      280
      #----------------------------引用文字-结束----------------------------

五、让系统从kickstart配置启动

   
      01
      #修改disk/isolinux/isolinux.cfg文件，如下是我的一个配置文件
     
      02
      vi isolinux/isolinux.cfg
     
      03
      #把default选项改为ks
     
      04
      #append ks initrd=initrd.img改为append ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img
     
      05
      #----------------------------引用文字-开始----------------------------
     
      06
      default ks
     
      07
      prompt 1
     
      08
      timeout 600
     
      09
      display boot.msg
     
      10
      F1 boot.msg
     
      11
      F2 options.msg
     
      12
      F3 general.msg
     
      13
      F4 param.msg
     
      14
      F5 rescue.msg
     
      15
      label linux
     
      16
        kernel vmlinuz
     
      17
        append initrd=initrd.img
     
      18
      label text
     
      19
        kernel vmlinuz
     
      20
        append initrd=initrd.img text
     
      21
      label ks
     
      22
        kernel vmlinuz
     
      23
        append ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img
     
      24
      label local
     
      25
        localboot 1
     
      26
      label memtest86
     
      27
        kernel memtest
     
      28
        append -
     
      29
      #----------------------------引用文字-结束----------------------------
     
      30
       
      31
      #CentOS 6的配置如下
     
      32
      #----------------------------引用文字-开始----------------------------
     
      33
      default ks
     
      34
      prompt 1
     
      35
      timeout 60
     
      36
       
      37
      display boot.msg
     
      38
       
      39
      menu background splash.jpg
     
      40
      menu title Welcome to CentOS 6.2!
     
      41
      menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000
     
      42
      menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
     
      43
      menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000
     
      44
      menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000
     
      45
      menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000
     
      46
      menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff
     
      47
      menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
     
      48
      menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000
     
      49
       
      50
      label linux
     
      51
        menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system
     
      52
        menu default
     
      53
        kernel vmlinuz
     
      54
        append initrd=initrd.img
     
      55
      label ks
     
      56
        kernel vmlinuz
     
      57
        append ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img
     
      58
      label vesa
     
      59
        menu label Install system with ^basic video driver
     
      60
        kernel vmlinuz
     
      61
        append initrd=initrd.img xdriver=vesa nomodeset
     
      62
      label rescue
     
      63
        menu label ^Rescue installed system
     
      64
        kernel vmlinuz
     
      65
        append initrd=initrd.img rescue
     
      66
      label local
     
      67
        menu label Boot from ^local drive
     
      68
        localboot 0xffff
     
      69
      label memtest86
     
      70
        menu label ^Memory test
     
      71
        kernel memtest
     
      72
        append -
     
      73
      #----------------------------引用文字-结束----------------------------

六、生成光盘镜像

   
      1
      mkisofs -R -J -T -V Boot --allow-multidot --allow-leading-dots -no-bak -input-charset UTF-8 -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot --boot-load-size 4 --boot-info-table -o /tmp/chengyongxu.com-Linux-Release-20111223-x64.iso . 
     
      2
      #可以计算一下md5并保存信息
     
      3
      md5sum /tmp/Chengyonxu.com-Linux-Release-20111223-x64.iso >> /tmp/md5.txt