Linux之DNS详解
Linux之DNS详解2013-08-16 11:29:20标签:DNS原创作品,允许转载,转载时请务必以超链接形式标明文章 原始出处 、作者信息和本声明。否则将追究法律责任。http://lanlian.blog.51cto.com/6790106/1274830一、DNS的原理DNS(DomainName Server)是域名解析服务器,提供域名和IP地址之间一种转换机制,
·
2013-08-16 11:29:20
标签:
DNS
原创作品,允许转载,转载时请务必以超链接形式标明文章
原始出处
、作者信息和本声明。否则将追究法律责任。
http://lanlian.blog.51cto.com/6790106/1274830
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[root@stu2~]# yum -y install bind
查看生成了那些配置文件
[root@stu2~]# rpm -qc bind
/etc/logrotate.d/named
/etc/named.conf
//主配置文件
/etc/named.iscdlv.key
/etc/named.rfc1912.zones
//区域配置文件
/etc/named.root.key
/etc/rndc.conf
/etc/rndc.key
/etc/sysconfig/named
/
var
/named/named.ca
/
var
/named/named.empty
/
var
/named/named.localhost
/
var
/named/named.loopback
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[root@stu2named]# rpm -ql bind-utils
/usr/bin/dig
//测试命令工具
/usr/bin/host
//host测试命令工具
/usr/bin/nslookup
//nslookup测试命令工具
/usr/bin/nsupdate
/usr/share/man/man1/dig.
1
.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/host.
1
.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/nslookup.
1
.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/nsupdate.
1
.gz
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[root@stu2named]# nslookup
//测试工具命令
>server
172.16
.
0.1
//指向能为你解析域名服务器的IP地址(一般为运营商的IP地址)
Defaultserver:
172.16
.
0.1
Address:
172.16
.
0.1
#
53
>
set
q=A
//用set设置q指定类型为A记录,然后输入FQDN
>www.bai.com
Server:
172.16
.
0.1
Address:
172.16
.
0.1
#
53
Non-authoritativeanswer:
Name: www.bai.com
Address:
221.5
.
71.29
//解析到的结果#172
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zone
"magedu.com"
IN {
//zone关键字添加正向区域解析库文件
type master;
//指定类型
file
"magedu.com.zone"
;
//指定区域文件名,是相对于/var/named路径,这里的相对路径是根据主配置文件里面的directory关键字定义的
allow-transfer {
172.16
.
2.16
; };
//指定slave服务器的Ip,可以指定多个
};
zone
"10.16.172.in-addr.arpa"
IN {
//zone关键字添加一个反向解析库文件
type master;
file
"172.16.10.zone"
;
allow-transfer {
172.16
.
2.16
; };
};
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options{
// listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };
// listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory
"/var/named"
;
dump-file
"/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"
;
statistics-file
"/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"
;
memstatistics-file
"/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"
;
// allow-query { localhost; };
recursion yes;
logging{
channel default_debug {
file
"data/named.run"
;
severity
dynamic
;
};
};
zone
"."
IN {
type hint;
file
"named.ca"
;
};
include
"/etc/named.rfc1912.zones"
;
//include"/etc/named.root.key"; 用//表示注释掉这几行
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zone
"dep1.magedu.com"
IN {
type master;
file
"dep1.magedu.com.zone"
;
};
$TTL600
@ IN SOA dns.dep1.magedu.com. admin.dep1.magedu.com. (
20130813
2H
10M
7D
2D )
IN NS dns
IN MX
10
mail
dns IN A
172.16
.
251.253
mail IN A
172.16
.
251.6
www IN A
172.16
.
251.6
www IN A
172.16
.
251.8
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[root@stu2named]# dig -t A www.dep1.magedu.com
;<<>> DiG
9.8
.2rc1-RedHat-
9.8
.
2
-
0.17
.rc1.el6 <<>> -t Awww.dep1.magedu.com
;;global options: +cmd
;;Got answer:
;;->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id:
43341
;;flags: qr rd ra; QUERY:
1
, ANSWER:
2
, AUTHORITY:
1
, ADDITIONAL:
1
;;QUESTION SECTION:
;www.dep1.magedu.com. IN A
;;ANSWER SECTION:
www.dep1.magedu.com.
600
IN A
172.16
.
251.8
www.dep1.magedu.com.
600
IN A
172.16
.
251.6
;;AUTHORITY SECTION:
dep1.magedu.com.
536
IN NS dns.dep1.magedu.com.
;;ADDITIONAL SECTION:
dns.dep1.magedu.com.
536
IN A
172.16
.
251.253
;;Query time:
6
msec
;;SERVER:
172.16
.
10.8
#
53
(
172.16
.
10.8
)
;;WHEN: Thu Aug
15
17
:
54
:
40
2013
;;MSG SIZE rcvd:
103
|
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options {
// listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };
// listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory
"/var/named"
;
dump-file
"/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"
;
statistics-file
"/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"
;
memstatistics-file
"/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"
;
// allow-query { localhost; };
recursion yes;
forward only;
//只允许转发
forwarders {
172.16
.
0.1
; };
//转发到能解析的服务上
// dnssec-enable yes; //关于安全的文件都注释掉
// dnssec-validation yes;
// dnssec-lookaside auto;
/* Path to ISC DLV key */
bindkeys-file
"/etc/named.iscdlv.key"
;
managed-keys-directory
"/var/named/dynamic"
;
};
logging {
channel default_debug {
file
"data/named.run"
;
severity
dynamic
;
};
};
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