参照https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/138554103

https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm/

https://blog.k8s.li/install-k8s-ubuntu18-04.html

https://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/12778066.html

https://fastzhong.com/posts/k8s-install-kubeadm/

  • 一、安装前设置

1、查看显卡驱动(需要安装好):nvidia-smi

 

2、查看hostname(设置好了名字):hostname

 

3、查看时区时间(时间统一):date

4、查看休眠状态(关闭休眠):systemctl status sleep.target

5、查看swap分区(为了保证kubelet正常工作, 你必须禁用交换分区):free -mh

关闭:sudo swapoff -a 

6、加载 br_netfilter 内核模块: sudo modprobe br_netfilter

 确认Linux内核加载了br_netfilter模块:lsmod | grep br_netfilter

7、打开bridge-nf-call-iptables

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf

br_netfilter

EOF

 

 

确保在sysctl配置中将net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables设置为1(为了让Linux 节点上的iptables能够正确地查看桥接流量):

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1

EOF

运用配置:sudo sysctl --system

 

 

  • 二、安装Docker

 

1、查看有更新的软件(只查看不更新):sudo apt update

2、安装docker: sudo apt install docker.io

 

3、开始并启动docker:

sudo systemctl start docker

sudo systemctl enable docker

 

4、安装Nvidia-docker2

distribution=$(. /etc/os-release;echo $ID$VERSION_ID)

curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/nvidia-docker/gpgkey | sudo apt-key add -

curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/nvidia-docker/$distribution/nvidia-docker.list | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nvidia-docker.list

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install nvidia-docker2

 

 

 遇到了问题,但是这个问题实际上没什么影响

 

参考:https://askubuntu.com/questions/1025928/why-do-i-get-sbin-ldconfig-real-usr-local-cuda-lib64-libcudnn-so-7-is-not-a

cd /usr/local/cuda/lib64/

ls -lha libcudnn*

sudo rm libcudnn.so

sudo rm libcudnn.so.7

sudo ln libcudnn.so.7.6.5 libcudnn.so.7

sudo ln libcudnn.so.7 libcudnn.so

 

查看:sudo ldconfig

 

5、设置nvidia-docker runtime

到目录/etc/docker/daemon.json下,修改文件权限:sudo chmod 777 daemon.json

 

直接打开文件并修改:

#修改/etc/docker/daemon.json文件如下所示:

{

    "default-runtime": "nvidia",

    "runtimes": {

        "nvidia": {

            "path": "nvidia-container-runtime",

            "runtimeArgs": []

        }

    }

}

 

使其生效:sudo pkill -SIGHUP dockerd

 

  • 三、安装K8s master

1、修改镜像路径:

安装包以允许apt通过HTTPS使用存储库\添加阿里云的官方GPG密钥

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y ca-certificates curl software-properties-common apt-transport-https curl

curl -s https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add –

 

继续添加kubernetes apt资源:

sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list <<EOF

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main

EOF

 

2、安装kubeadm kubelet和kubectl:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl

遇到了一个错误

 

参考https://blog.csdn.net/bigdata_mining/article/details/98876435

deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial stable main,但是后续有没有了

 

 

 

 

3、获取kubeadm镜像

拉取镜像的时候一直出问题,首先查看需要拉取的镜像:kubeadm config images list

 

在查看一下docer中的镜像:sudo docker images

 

原本docker中是不会有镜像的,无论是使用sudo kubeadm config images pull --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers,还是直接使用sudo swapoff -a && sudo kubeadm init –Kubernetes-version=v1.21.3 –image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers都会出错,然后参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/12778066.html

首先# docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns: 1.8.0

然后挨个改名字# docker tag registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns: 1.8.0 k8s.gcr.io/coredns/coredns: 1.8.0

再挨个删除:docker rmi registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns: 1.8.0

 

4、初始化master

切记这个环节必须保证swap关闭了,具体操作:1、将 /etc/fstabswap部分都注释掉。2、重启电脑reboot3sudo swapoff -a

 

 

初始化:sudo kubeadm init –pod-network-cidr 172.16.0.0/16

文章中提到“然后使用了非默认的CIDR(一定要和宿主机的局域网的CIDR不一样)”,虽然不懂,但是作者应该有其背后的深意。

 

给自己的非sudo的常规身份拷贝一个token,这样就可以执行kubectl命令了:

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube

sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config

sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

 

如果有其他错误,针对性的找,然后sudo kubeam reset重置一下

四、安装calico插件

1、calico.yaml :sudo kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml

有错误,但是先忽略

五、安装K8s worker节点

 

1、关闭:sudo swapoff -a

2、加载 br_netfilter 内核模块: sudo modprobe br_netfilter

3、确认Linux内核加载了br_netfilter模块:lsmod | grep br_netfilter

4、打开bridge-nf-call-iptables

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf

br_netfilter

EOF

5、确保在sysctl配置中将net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables设置为1(为了让Linux 节点上的iptables能够正确地查看桥接流量):

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1

EOF

6、运用配置:sudo sysctl --system

7、查看有更新的软件(只查看不更新):sudo apt update

遇到“Packages  403  Forbidden [IP: 91.189.95.83 80]”则:

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39682177/article/details/104923782

做法就是将所有list文件后缀改为list.bak

cd /etc/apt/sources.list.d

ls

sudo mv xxx.list xxx.list.bak

ls

sudo apt-get update

8、安装docker: sudo apt install docker.io

9、开始并启动docker:

sudo systemctl start docker

sudo systemctl enable docker

10、安装Nvidia-docker2

distribution=$(. /etc/os-release;echo $ID$VERSION_ID)

curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/nvidia-docker/gpgkey | sudo apt-key add -

curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/nvidia-docker/$distribution/nvidia-docker.list | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nvidia-docker.list

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install nvidia-docker2

遇到的错误libcudnn.so.7 is not a symbolic link

参考:https://askubuntu.com/questions/1025928/why-do-i-get-sbin-ldconfig-real-usr-local-cuda-lib64-libcudnn-so-7-is-not-a

cd /usr/local/cuda/lib64/

ls -lha libcudnn*

sudo rm libcudnn.so

sudo rm libcudnn.so.7

sudo ln libcudnn.so.7.6.5 libcudnn.so.7

sudo ln libcudnn.so.7 libcudnn.so

11、设置nvidia-docker runtime

到目录/etc/docker/daemon.json下,修改文件权限:sudo chmod 777 daemon.json

直接打开文件并修改:

#修改/etc/docker/daemon.json文件如下所示:

{

    "default-runtime": "nvidia",

    "runtimes": {

        "nvidia": {

            "path": "nvidia-container-runtime",

            "runtimeArgs": []

        }

    }

}

使其生效:sudo pkill -SIGHUP dockerd

12、修改镜像路径:

安装包以允许apt通过HTTPS使用存储库\添加阿里云的官方GPG密钥

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y ca-certificates curl software-properties-common apt-transport-https curl

curl -s https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add –

继续添加kubernetes apt资源:

sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list <<EOF

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main

EOF

13、安装kubeadm kubelet和kubectl:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl

出现错误“由于没有公钥,无法验证下列签名: NO_PUBKEY”:

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38347931/article/details/103086873

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys FEEA9169307EA071 8B57C5C2836F4BEB(这是我缺少的,填写你自己缺少的)

14、获取kubeadm镜像

拉取镜像的时候一直出问题,首先查看需要拉取的镜像:kubeadm config images list

拉取镜像:sudo docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns: 1.8.0

查看一下docer中的镜像:sudo docker images

挨个改名字:sudo docker tag registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns: 1.8.0 k8s.gcr.io/coredns/coredns: 1.8.0

挨个删:sudo docker rmi registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns: 1.8.0

确保sudo docker images输出和kubeadm config images list完全一致

15、保证swap关闭了,

具体操作:1、修改/etc/fstab 权限sudo chmod 777 fstab 2、将 /etc/fstabswap部分都注释掉。3、重启电脑reboot4sudo swapoff -a

 

六、配置节点

1、查看master token:

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44130081/article/details/103563392

kubeadm token create --print-join-command

2、加入集群

将输出的语句在从机上执行:sudo kubeadm join 192.168.1.137:6443 --token xxx -discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256xxx

3、此时可以在主机上查看节点信息了:kubectl get nodes

kubeadm token list

 

发现很多节点是notReady

原来是calico.yaml(部署 pod 网络)的问题,在主机重新执行:calico.yaml :sudo kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml

再来检测: kubectl get nodes

 

4、当所有从机节点都加进来之后,在主机执行:

kubectl apply -f https://github.com/NVIDIA/k8s-device-plugin/blob/master/nvidia-device-plugin.yml

5、检测节点

在主机上检测:kubectl describe node 从机hostname | grep -i -B 7 GPU

 

 

七、安装K8s dashboard

1、安装dashboard:

kubectl apply -f  https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/blob/master/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml

2、访问:

 

下载

https://kuboard.cn/install/install-k8s-dashboard.html#%E8%AE%BF%E9%97%AE

创建 Service Account 和 ClusterRoleBinding

kubectl apply -f https://kuboard.cn/install-script/k8s-dashboard/auth.yaml

3、获取Bearer Token

kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard describe secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')

 

4、开启代理kubectl proxy:

开启一次就好了

 

5、登录:输入

http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/kubernetes-dashboard/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/

 

八、创建Nginx Deployment

 

https://fastzhong.com/posts/k8s-install-kubeadm/

1、安装kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx损失

2、暴露端口:kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort

 

3、查看:kubectl get pod,svc -o wide

 

4、验证暴露的端口:

 

 

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