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I went through https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/getstarted/theme-color-reference but can't seem to find the setting for changing the comment color.

I am currently using Atom One Dark Theme and just like to lighten the color a little bit so I can read it better.

Answers

From 1.15 (July 2017) you can change it from settings.json Ctrl+,

"editor.tokenColorCustomizations": {
    "comments": "#d4922f"
},

From 1.20 (January 2018) you can also do it for each theme separately:

"editor.tokenColorCustomizations": {
    "[Atom One Dark]": {
        "comments": "#d4922f"
    }
},

Or now you can specify settings for multiple themes at once as "[Atom One Dark][Tomorrow Night Blue]": {...}

Finding the right scope:

Developer: Inspect TM Scopes editor.action.inspectTMScopes

Selector priority:

https://code.visualstudio.com/blogs/2017/02/08/syntax-highlighting-optimizations#_textmate-themes

Ok, more examples (for js):

"editor.tokenColorCustomizations": {
    "textMateRules": [{
        "scope": "INSERT_SCOPE_HERE",
        "settings": {
            "foreground": "#ff0000"
        }
    }]
}

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