效果如图：

html：后面的日期是循环出来的 

<div class="calendar-title">
      <span class="calendar-left" @click="lastDateclick">&lt;</span>
      <span class="calendar-center">近期事件</span>
      <span class="calendar-right" @click="nextDateclick">></span>
</div>
<el-table ref="table"t :data="filterData" border  stripe>
        <el-table-column align="center" type="index" width="50" label="序号"></el-table-column>
        <el-table-column align="center" prop="code" label="代码">
        </el-table-column>
        <el-table-column align="center" prop="name" label="名称"></el-table-column>
        <el-table-column align="center" v-for="(item,index) in dateArr" :key="index + item" :label="item">
          <template slot-scope="scope">
            <span v-html="dateInfoDesc(item,scope.row)"></span>
          </template>
        </el-table-column>
</el-table>

 这里注意一下:key="index + item"，之前我的key设置的只等于index，然后到了后面数据删选的时候就各种出错，找了半天，才发现是key值不唯一导致的！！

data:

bondList: [], // 获取到数据组
leftDate: "",
rightDate: "",
TempleftDate: "",
TemprightDate: "",
dateArr: []

js:

computed: {
    // 监听数据的日期满足条件，则显示该数据
    filterData() {
      var tableData = new Array();
      var _this = this;
      this.dataList.filter(item => {
        if (
          _this.dateArr.includes(item.startDate) ||
          _this.dateArr.includes(item.endDate) ||
          _this.dateArr.includes(item.refundDate)
        ) {
          tableData.push(item);
        } else {
          return;
        }
      });
      return tableData;
    }
},
 methods: {
    // 显示该数据在当前日期对应的描述内容
    dateInfoDesc(date, row) {
      var msg = "";
      if (row.startDate == date) {
        msg = "起始日";
      } else if (row.endDate == date) {
        msg = "结束日";
      } else if (row.otherDate == date) {
        msg = "其他";
      }
      return msg;
    },

    // 获取数据
    getDataList() {
      this.$axios.post(url).then(res => {
        this.dataList = res.data.data.rows;
      });
    },

    // 获取日期数据，返回的全是日期
    getDateList() {
      var params = new URLSearchParams();
      params.append("leftDate", this.leftDate);
      params.append("rightDate", this.rightDate);
      this.$axios({
        method: "post",
        url: `url2`,
        params: params
      }).then(res => {
        this.dateArr = res.data.data; //日期数据
        this.TempleftDate = this.dateArr[0]; // 该区间日期第一位
        this.TemprightDate = this.dateArr[this.dateArr.length - 1]; // 该区间日期最后一位
        this.leftDate = [];
        this.rightDate = [];
      });
    },

    // 上一区间的日期
    lastDateclick() {
      this.leftDate = this.TempleftDate;
      this.getDateList();
    },

    // 下一区间的日期
    nextDateclick() {
      this.rightDate = this.TemprightDate;
      this.getDateList();
    },

}

有问题留言哈，希望能带给你帮助~