DelegatingFilterProxy就是一个对于servlet filter的代理,用这个类的好处主要是通过Spring容器来管理servlet filter的生命周期

  • 还有就是如果filter中需要一些Spring容器的实例,可以通过spring直接注入
  • 另外读取一些配置文件这些便利的操作都可以通过Spring来配置实现。

Spring web在设计的时候考虑到某些功能的实现是通过Filter来拦截进行实现的,如果直接的简单的实现几个Filter好像也不是不可以(平时我们就是这么用的),但是Spring框架最核心的是IOC容器,和Spring框架最好的实现就是将要实现的Filter功能注册到IOC容器的一个Bean,这样就可以和Spring IOC容器进行完美的融合,所以Spring Web设计了DelegatingFilterProxy。

本质上来说DelegatingFilterProxy就是一个Filter,其间接实现了Filter接口,但是在doFilter中其实调用的从Spring 容器中获取到的代理Filter的实现类delegate。

DelegatingFilterProxy原理:

1、DelegatingFilterProxy根据targetBeanName从Spring 容器中获取被注入到Spring 容器的Filter实现类,在DelegatingFilterProxy配置时一般需要配置属性targetBeanName

@Override
protected void initFilterBean() throws ServletException {
	synchronized (this.delegateMonitor) {
		if (this.delegate == null) {
			// If no target bean name specified, use filter name.
                        //当Filter配置时如果没有设置targentBeanName属性,则直接根据Filter名称来查找
			if (this.targetBeanName == null) {
				this.targetBeanName = getFilterName();
			}
			// Fetch Spring root application context and initialize the delegate early,
			// if possible. If the root application context will be started after this
			// filter proxy, we'll have to resort to lazy initialization.
			WebApplicationContext wac = findWebApplicationContext();
			if (wac != null) {
                                //从Spring容器中获取注入的Filter的实现类
				this.delegate = initDelegate(wac);
			}
		}
	}
}
 
protected Filter initDelegate(WebApplicationContext wac) throws ServletException {
		//从Spring 容器中获取注入的Filter的实现类
		Filter delegate = wac.getBean(getTargetBeanName(), Filter.class);
		if (isTargetFilterLifecycle()) {
			delegate.init(getFilterConfig());
		}
		return delegate;
	}


2、在DelegatingFilterProxy的实现方法doFilter中,其实最终调用的是委派的类delegate

@Override
protected void initFilterBean() throws ServletException {
	synchronized (this.delegateMonitor) {
		if (this.delegate == null) {
			// If no target bean name specified, use filter name.
                        //当Filter配置时如果没有设置targentBeanName属性,则直接根据Filter名称来查找
			if (this.targetBeanName == null) {
				this.targetBeanName = getFilterName();
			}
			// Fetch Spring root application context and initialize the delegate early,
			// if possible. If the root application context will be started after this
			// filter proxy, we'll have to resort to lazy initialization.
			WebApplicationContext wac = findWebApplicationContext();
			if (wac != null) {
                                //从Spring容器中获取注入的Filter的实现类
				this.delegate = initDelegate(wac);
			}
		}
	}
}
 
protected Filter initDelegate(WebApplicationContext wac) throws ServletException {
		//从Spring 容器中获取注入的Filter的实现类
		Filter delegate = wac.getBean(getTargetBeanName(), Filter.class);
		if (isTargetFilterLifecycle()) {
			delegate.init(getFilterConfig());
		}
		return delegate;
	}


总结:Spring web通过提高DelegatingProxyFilter类给开发者提供了便利

 

DelegatingFilterProxy运用

需求

在springboot中 使用了filter, 并且注入了业务工具类(APIUtil ),但注入是null

所以问题就来了:springboot中使用filter时注入bean为null的解决办法 

其实Spring中,web应用启动的顺序是:listener->filter->servlet,先初始化listener,然后再来就filter的初始化,再接着才到我们的dispathServlet的初始化

解决办法1:

public class TokenAuthFilter implements Filter {

    private final static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TokenAuthFilter.class);

    @Autowired
    private APIUtil apiUtil;
}

新增一个config类,用来手工创建filter的bean, 例如:

@Configuration
public class WebConfig {

  @Bean
    public Filter tokenAuthFilter() {

        return new TokenAuthFilter();
    }
    /**
     * 注册filter,统一处理api开头的请求
     * @return FilterRegistrationBean
     */
    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean tokenAuthFilterRegistration() {
        FilterRegistrationBean registration = new FilterRegistrationBean();
        // DelegatingFilterProxy把servlet 容器中的filter同spring容器中的bean关联起来
        registration.setFilter(new DelegatingFilterProxy("tokenAuthFilter"));
        registration.addUrlPatterns("/api/*");
        registration.setName("tokenAuthFilter");
        registration.setOrder(1);
        return registration;
    }

}

解决办法2:

过滤器是servlet规范中定义的,并不归spring容器管理,也无法直接注入spring中的bean(会报错)

初始化时通过spring上下文获取,进行bean的初始化

@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
    ApplicationContext context = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(filterConfig.getServletContext());
    RedisTemplate demoBean = (RedisTemplate)context.getBean("redisTemplate");
    System.out.println(demoBean);
 }


参考链接:https://blog.csdn.net/qq924862077/article/details/81583739 

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