window下安装

1.安装python

下载python-3.7.0-amd64.exe,直接下一步安装,记得勾选Add Python 3.7 to PATH
https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-370/

2.安装web server需要的库和服务

1.安装mysql,查看mysql的安装教程

安装完测试正常后,使用以下命令部署web的后台数据库框架
mysql -u root -p < schema.sql

2.pip3 install jinja2 aiomysql aiohttp

3.安装pyCharm64

win上面开发一定要有集成开发环境,使用pyCharm很方便。

下载专业版,进行破解,这样就可以写css,js的代码了
https://blog.csdn.net/u014044812/article/details/78727496

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Centos下安装

1.安装python

编译时要提前装好gcc编译器和zlib zlib-devel

下载Python安装包

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tgz

2、解压

tar -zxvf Python-3.7.0.tgz

3、编译安装包

cd Python-3.7.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python
make && make install

4、添加环境变量

#echo PATH='/usr/local/python/bin/:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
<br>#source /etc/profile

有时候会出现如下错误

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'

安装如下即可:

yum install libffi-devel -y

5.检查是否成功,执行下面代码

python3.7
Python 3.7.0 (default, Nov 27 2018, 10:35:54)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()
2.修改默认python版本(这一步可能不需要,因为会导致supervisorctl启动不了,supervisorctl只能要python2上面跑)

1.查看默认python版本是2.7.5

python
Python 2.7.5 (default, Jul 13 2018, 13:06:57)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()

2.修改系统默认的Python路径,因为在终端中输入Python命令时默认是指向Python2.7.5

mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python-2.7.5
``` 

3.建立新的软连接,指向Python-3.7.0  

ln -s /usr/local/python/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python
 ```

4.打开一个新的终端,通过python命令进入python环境,可以看到已经指向了我们新安装的python3.7.0:

python
Python 3.7.0 (default, Nov 27 2018, 10:35:54)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print("test")
test
>>> exit()

5.改完默认python后发现使用yum安装时出错

 yum install openssh-server
  File "/usr/bin/yum", line 30
    except KeyboardInterrupt, e:
                            ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

6.因为yum是依赖python的,所以这里我们修改了默认的python,就要要修改yum,让其运行指向旧的版本:

vi /usr/bin/yum   

将第一行中的“#!/usr/bin/python”   
修改为“#!/usr/bin/python-2.7.5”
保存即可

7.如果出现别的错误的时候有可以需要修改一下两个文件

yum install tree
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package tree.x86_64 0:1.6.0-10.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================================================
 Package                Arch                     Version                        Repository              Size
=============================================================================================================
Installing:
 tree                   x86_64                   1.6.0-10.el7                   base                    46 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 46 k
Installed size: 87 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
  File "/usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down", line 28
    except OSError, e:
                  ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax


Exiting on user cancel

1. vim /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down

将/usr/bin/python改为/usr/bin/python-2.7.5。

2. vim /usr/bin/yum-config-manager

解决办法同上: #!/usr/bin/python换成 #!/usr/bin/python-2.7.5 
3.安装web server需要的库和服务

1.安装mysql,查看mysql的安装教程

安装完测试正常后,使用以下命令部署web的后台数据库框架
mysql -u root -p < schema.sql

2.pip3 install jinja2 aiomysql aiohttp

3.yum install openssh-server nginx supervisor dos2unix

这边用到下面两个工具

  • 1.Supervisor:监控服务进程的工具;

该工具的主要目的就是使用Supervisor来启动我们的app.py进程,这样app.py进程出现问题时就会被保存日志重启等。

使用echo_supervisord_conf产生默认配置文件,保存在supervisord.conf里面

echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf

修改/etc/supervisord.conf的最后两行

[include]
files = /etc/supervisord.d/*.conf

在/etc/supervisord.d/里面添加配置文件awesome.conf

[program:awesome]
command     = /srv/awesome/www/app.py
directory   = /srv/awesome/www
user        = root
startsecs   = 3
redirect_stderr         = true
stdout_logfile_maxbytes = 50MB
stdout_logfile_backups  = 10
stdout_logfile          = /srv/awesome/log/app.log

查看要运行的www属于谁的权限,就将上面awesome.conf里面的user配置成谁

[root@centos awesome]# ls -l
total 24
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 27 17:23 log
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 Nov 27 16:56 www -> www-18-11-27_16.56.28
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Nov 27 16:09 www-18-11-27_16.08.59
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Nov 27 16:26 www-18-11-27_16.26.12
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Nov 27 16:28 www-18-11-27_16.28.37
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Nov 27 16:53 www-18-11-27_16.53.41
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Nov 27 17:11 www-18-11-27_16.56.28

参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/wswang/p/5795766.html

supervisorctl stop program_name  # 停止某一个进程,program_name 为 [program:x] 里的 x

supervisorctl start program_name  # 启动某个进程

supervisorctl restart program_name  # 重启某个进程

supervisorctl stop groupworker:  # 结束所有属于名为 groupworker 这个分组的进程 (start,restart 同理)

supervisorctl stop groupworker:name1  # 结束 groupworker:name1 这个进程 (start,restart 同理)

supervisorctl stop all  # 停止全部进程,注:start、restartUnlinking stale socket /tmp/supervisor.sock
、stop 都不会载入最新的配置文件

supervisorctl reload  # 载入最新的配置文件,停止原有进程并按新的配置启动、管理所有进程

supervisorctl update  # 根据最新的配置文件,启动新配置或有改动的进程,配置没有改动的进程不会受影响而重启
[root@centos awesome]# supervisorctl stop awesome
awesome: stopped
[root@centos awesome]# supervisorctl start awesome
awesome: started
[root@centos awesome]# supervisorctl status
awesome                          RUNNING   pid 30182, uptime 0:00:13

测试下supervisord进程是否生效,找到app.py的进程kill掉,可以发现出现了一个新id的app.py进程

[root@centos awesome]# ps -aux | grep python
root     11340  0.0  1.4 573812 14660 ?        Ssl  Nov23   0:39 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/tuned -l -P
root     30161  0.0  1.6 225936 17072 ?        Ss   17:23   0:00 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf
root     30182  0.0  2.6 250196 26612 ?        S    17:28   0:00 python3 /srv/awesome/www/app.py
root     30350  0.0  0.0 112704   972 pts/0    R+   18:00   0:00 grep --color=auto python
[root@centos awesome]# kill 30182
[root@centos awesome]# ps -aux | grep python
root     11340  0.0  1.4 573812 14660 ?        Ssl  Nov23   0:39 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/tuned -l -P
root     30161  0.0  1.6 225936 17068 ?        Ss   17:23   0:00 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf
root     30364  0.0  2.6 249844 26440 ?        S    18:01   0:00 python3 /srv/awesome/www/app.py
root     30366  0.0  0.0 112704   976 pts/0    R+   18:01   0:00 grep --color=auto python


  • 2.Nginx:高性能Web服务器+负责反向代理;

利用Python自带的asyncio,我们已经编写了一个异步高性能服务器。但是,我们还需要一个高性能的Web服务器,这里选择Nginx,它可以处理静态资源,同时作为反向代理把动态请求交给Python代码处理

动静结合,我们的python服务器属于动态的,会修改;Nginx属于静态的,为代理作用,更加安全,比如python服务器出现问题是,不会因为疏忽而把debug信息直接输出给客户端,这时候就有Nginx服务器直接返回502错误给客户端。

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-I6JFuSpA-1581847379782)(https://cdn.liaoxuefeng.com/cdn/files/attachments/0014328837392452ed92e4e2938456e9493812722cdc8dd000/l)]

[root@centos ~]# ps -aux | grep nginx
root       737  0.0  0.0 112704   968 pts/0    S+   10:00   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
root     30865  0.0  0.2 120792  2100 ?        Ss   Nov27   0:00 nginx: master process nginx
nginx    30866  0.0  0.3 121180  3584 ?        S    Nov27   0:00 nginx: worker process

systemctl restart nginx.service/service nginx restart

systemctl stop nginx.service/service nginx stop

systemctl start nginx.service/service nginx start

systemctl status nginx.service/service nginx status

在阿里云服务器上由于没有界面也不知道nginx是否正常启动,这时候可以使用curl去过去网页内容,然后再复制出来到win上面看html页面是否显示正常。

如下:

[root@centos nginx]# curl http://127.0.0.1
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
    <head>
        <title>Test Page for the Nginx HTTP Server on Fedora</title>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
        <style type="text/css">
            /*<![CDATA[*/
            body {
                background-color: #fff;
                color: #000;
                font-size: 0.9em;
                font-family: sans-serif,helvetica;
                margin: 0;
                padding: 0;
            }
            :link {
                color: #c00;
            }
            :visited {
                color: #c00;
            }
            a:hover {
                color: #f50;
            }
            h1 {
                text-align: center;
                margin: 0;
                padding: 0.6em 2em 0.4em;
                background-color: #294172;
                color: #fff;
                font-weight: normal;
                font-size: 1.75em;
                border-bottom: 2px solid #000;
            }
            h1 strong {
                font-weight: bold;
                font-size: 1.5em;
            }
            h2 {
                text-align: center;
                background-color: #3C6EB4;
                font-size: 1.1em;
                font-weight: bold;
                color: #fff;
                margin: 0;
                padding: 0.5em;
                border-bottom: 2px solid #294172;
            }
            hr {
                display: none;
            }
            .content {
                padding: 1em 5em;
            }
            .alert {
                border: 2px solid #000;
            }

            img {
                border: 2px solid #fff;
                padding: 2px;
                margin: 2px;
            }
            a:hover img {
                border: 2px solid #294172;
            }
            .logos {
                margin: 1em;
                text-align: center;
            }
            /*]]>*/
        </style>
    </head>

    <body>
        <h1>Welcome to <strong>nginx</strong> on Fedora!</h1>

        <div class="content">
            <p>This page is used to test the proper operation of the
            <strong>nginx</strong> HTTP server after it has been
            installed. If you can read this page, it means that the
            web server installed at this site is working
            properly.</p>

            <div class="alert">
                <h2>Website Administrator</h2>
                <div class="content">
                    <p>This is the default <tt>index.html</tt> page that
                    is distributed with <strong>nginx</strong> on
                    Fedora.  It is located in
                    <tt>/usr/share/nginx/html</tt>.</p>

                    <p>You should now put your content in a location of
                    your choice and edit the <tt>root</tt> configuration
                    directive in the <strong>nginx</strong>
                    configuration file
                    <tt>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf</tt>.</p>

                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="logos">
                <a href="http://nginx.net/"><img
                    src="nginx-logo.png"
                    alt="[ Powered by nginx ]"
                    width="121" height="32" /></a>

                <a href="http://fedoraproject.org/"><img
                    src="poweredby.png"
                    alt="[ Powered by Fedora ]"
                    width="88" height="31" /></a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

如果在本机可以正常访问,外网不能访问的时候,需要看下阿里云上面的安全组配置,是否有开放80端口,443端口。

https://blog.csdn.net/lzl18918615216/article/details/80049471

https://helpcdn.aliyun.com/document_detail/25471.html

如果还是不行可能需要配置防火墙规则。

https://blog.csdn.net/lzl18918615216/article/details/80049471

Ubuntu下安装

1.安装python

1、apt-get upgrade

2、apt-get update

直接安装python3.5吧,发现3.6下安装distribute有问题

3、apt-get install python3.6

4、apt-get install python3.6-dev

ubuntu默认已经安装了python3.4

root@ubuntu:/usr/bin# python3 -V
Python 3.4.3

所以我们需要把默认的改成python3.6

设置python的默认版本:

root@ubuntu:/usr/bin# update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2.7 1
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/python2.7 to provide /usr/bin/python (python) in auto mode
root@ubuntu:/usr/bin# update-alternatives --list python
/usr/bin/python2.7
root@ubuntu:/usr/bin# python -V
Python 2.7.6

设置python3的默认版

root@ubuntu:/usr/bin# update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.6 1
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/python3.6 to provide /usr/bin/python3 (python3) in auto mode
root@ubuntu:/usr/bin# update-alternatives --list python3
/usr/bin/python3.6
root@ubuntu:/usr/bin# python3 -V
Python 3.6.2

5、设置pip:

  • apt-get install python3-pip    # Python3
  • apt-get install python-pip     # Python2

6、查看pip3 -V

root@ubuntu:/usr/bin# pip3
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pip3", line 5, in <module>
    from pkg_resources import load_entry_point
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 1479, in <module>
    register_loader_type(importlib_bootstrap.SourceFileLoader, DefaultProvider)
AttributeError: module 'importlib._bootstrap' has no attribute 'SourceFileLoader'

AttributeError:module ‘importlib._bootstrap’ has no attribute ‘SourceFileLoader’。

最后发现:distribute只能安装在python 3.5.x版本。

7、安装apt-get install python3、apt-get install python3.5-dev切换到3.5

root@ubuntu:/usr/bin# update-alternatives --config python3
There are 2 choices for the alternative python3 (providing /usr/bin/python3).

  Selection    Path                Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/bin/python3.6   1         auto mode
  1            /usr/bin/python3.5   1         manual mode
* 2            /usr/bin/python3.6   1         manual mode

Press enter to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 1
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/python3.5 to provide /usr/bin/python3 (python3) in manual mode
root@ubuntu:/usr/bin# pip3 -V
pip 1.5.4 from /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (python 3.5)

8、更新pip3

pip3 install --upgrade setuptools
2.安装web server需要的库和服务

1.安装mysql,查看mysql的安装教程

安装完测试正常后,使用以下命令部署web的后台数据库框架
mysql -u root -p < schema.sql

2.pip3 install jinja2 aiomysql aiohttp

pip3 install idna_ssl cryptography

3.apt-get install libssl-dev openssh-server nginx supervisor dos2unix

4.配置Supervisor:监控服务进程的工具

编写一个Supervisor的配置文件awesome.conf,存放到/etc/supervisor/conf.d/目录下:

[program:awesome]

command     = /srv/awesome/www/app.py
directory   = /srv/awesome/www
user        = root
startsecs   = 3

redirect_stderr         = true
stdout_logfile_maxbytes = 50MB
stdout_logfile_backups  = 10
stdout_logfile          = /srv/awesome/log/app.log

在srv下面创建awesome文件夹。

使用fabfile_win.py将项目同步到ubuntu,记得修改ip和用户名。

env.user = 'linye'
env.sudo_user = 'root'
# env.hosts = ['123.123.123.123']
env.host_string = '192.168.61.128' # 改成你的服务器ip

创建/srv/awesome/log/文件夹

service supervisor start

出现unix:///var/run/supervisor.sock no such file是就自己创建一个,并附权限

touch /var/run/supervisor.sock
chmod 777 /var/run/supervisor.sock

5.Nginx:高性能Web服务器+负责反向代理;

/etc/nginx/sites-available/default里面的内容改成如下:

server {
    listen      80; # 监听80端口

    root       /srv/awesome/www;
    access_log /srv/awesome/log/access_log;
    error_log  /srv/awesome/log/error_log;

    # server_name awesome.liaoxuefeng.com; # 配置域名

    # 处理静态文件/favicon.ico:
    location /favicon.ico {
        root /srv/awesome/www;
    }

    # 处理静态资源:
    location ~ ^\/static\/.*$ {
        root /srv/awesome/www;
    }

    # 动态请求转发到9000端口:
    location / {
        proxy_pass       http://127.0.0.1:9000;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }
}

/etc/init.d/nginx reload

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