简介

该文档主要介绍以Nacos为配置中心，实现Spring Cloud GateWay 实现动态路由的功能。Spring Cloud Gateway启动时候，就将路由配置和规则加载到内存里，无法做到不重启网关就可以动态的对应路由的配置和规则进行增加，修改和删除。通过nacos的配置下发的功能可以实现在不重启网关的情况下，实现动态路由。

集成

Spring Cloud GateWay集成

spring-cloud-starter-gateway:路由转发、请求过滤（权限校验、限流以及监控等）

spring-boot-starter-webflux:反应式Web框架

spring-boot-starter-actuator:监控系统健康


   
   
  1.  <dependency>
  2.  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  3.  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
  4.  </dependency>
  5.  <dependency>
  6.  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  7.  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
  8.  </dependency>
  10.  <dependency>
  11.  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  12.  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
  13.  </dependency>

Nacos集成

nacos-client:nacos客户端，现在用比较新的版本0.9.0


   
   
  1.  <dependency>
  2.  <groupId>com.alibaba.nacos</groupId>
  3.  <artifactId>nacos-client</artifactId>
  4.  <version>0.9.0</version>
  5.  </dependency>

动态路由

DynamicRouteServiceImpl:提供动态路由的基础方法，可通过获取bean操作该类的方法。该类提供新增路由、更新路由、删除路由，然后实现发布的功能。


   
   
  1. @Service
  2. public class DynamicRouteServiceImpl implements ApplicationEventPublisherAware {
  4.  @Autowired
  5.  private RouteDefinitionWriter routeDefinitionWriter;
  7.  private ApplicationEventPublisher publisher;
  10.  /**
  11.  * 增加路由
  12.  * @param definition
  13.  * @return
  14.  */
  15.  public String add(RouteDefinition definition) {
  16.  routeDefinitionWriter.save(Mono.just(definition)).subscribe();
  17.  this.publisher.publishEvent(new RefreshRoutesEvent(this));
  18.  return "success";
  19.  }
  22.  /**
  23.  * 更新路由
  24.  * @param definition
  25.  * @return
  26.  */
  27.  public String update(RouteDefinition definition) {
  28.  try {
  29.  this.routeDefinitionWriter.delete(Mono.just(definition.getId()));
  30.  } catch (Exception e) {
  31.  return "update fail,not find route routeId: "+definition.getId();
  32.  }
  33.  try {
  34.  routeDefinitionWriter.save(Mono.just(definition)).subscribe();
  35.  this.publisher.publishEvent(new RefreshRoutesEvent(this));
  36.  return "success";
  37.  } catch (Exception e) {
  38.  return "update route fail";
  39.  }
  42.  }
  43.  /**
  44.  * 删除路由
  45.  * @param id
  46.  * @return
  47.  */
  48.  public String delete(String id) {
  49.  try {
  50.  this.routeDefinitionWriter.delete(Mono.just(id));
  51.  return "delete success";
  52.  } catch (Exception e) {
  53.  e.printStackTrace();
  54.  return "delete fail";
  55.  }
  57.  }
  59.  @Override
  60.  public void setApplicationEventPublisher(ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher) {
  61.  this.publisher = applicationEventPublisher;
  62.  }
  64. }

RouteDefinition： 提供路由实体类，主要有predicates匹配来自用户的请求，filters服务路由


   
   
  1. @Validated
  2. public class RouteDefinition {
  3.  @NotEmpty
  4.  private String id = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
  6.  @NotEmpty
  7.  @Valid
  8.  private List<PredicateDefinition> predicates = new ArrayList<>();
  10.  @Valid
  11.  private List<FilterDefinition> filters = new ArrayList<>();
  13.  @NotNull
  14.  private URI uri;
  16.  private int order = 0;
  18.  public RouteDefinition() {}
  20.  public RouteDefinition(String text) {
  21.  int eqIdx = text.indexOf("=");
  22.  if (eqIdx <= 0) {
  23.  throw new ValidationException("Unable to parse RouteDefinition text '" + text + "'" +
  24.  ", must be of the form name=value");
  25.  }
  27.  setId(text.substring(0, eqIdx));
  29.  String[] args = tokenizeToStringArray(text.substring(eqIdx+1), ",");
  31.  setUri(URI.create(args[0]));
  33.  for (int i=1; i < args.length; i++) {
  34.  this.predicates.add(new PredicateDefinition(args[i]));
  35.  }
  36.  }
  38.  public String getId() {
  39.  return id;
  40.  }
  42.  public void setId(String id) {
  43.  this.id = id;
  44.  }
  46.  public List<PredicateDefinition> getPredicates() {
  47.  return predicates;
  48.  }
  50.  public void setPredicates(List<PredicateDefinition> predicates) {
  51.  this.predicates = predicates;
  52.  }
  54.  public List<FilterDefinition> getFilters() {
  55.  return filters;
  56.  }
  58.  public void setFilters(List<FilterDefinition> filters) {
  59.  this.filters = filters;
  60.  }
  62.  public URI getUri() {
  63.  return uri;
  64.  }
  66.  public void setUri(URI uri) {
  67.  this.uri = uri;
  68.  }
  70.  public int getOrder() {
  71.  return order;
  72.  }
  74.  public void setOrder(int order) {
  75.  this.order = order;
  76.  }
  78.  @Override
  79.  public boolean equals(Object o) {
  80.  if (this == o) return true;
  81.  if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
  82.  RouteDefinition routeDefinition = (RouteDefinition) o;
  83.  return Objects.equals(id, routeDefinition.id) &&
  84.  Objects.equals(predicates, routeDefinition.predicates) &&
  85.  Objects.equals(order, routeDefinition.order) &&
  86.  Objects.equals(uri, routeDefinition.uri);
  87.  }
  89.  @Override
  90.  public int hashCode() {
  91.  return Objects.hash(id, predicates, uri);
  92.  }
  94.  @Override
  95.  public String toString() {
  96.  return "RouteDefinition{" +
  97.  "id='" + id + '\'' +
  98.  ", predicates=" + predicates +
  99.  ", filters=" + filters +
  100.  ", uri=" + uri +
  101.  ", order=" + order +
  102.  '}';
  103.  }
  104. }

NacosGatewayProperties:自定义属性绑定值，可通过配置文件配置属性。


   
   
  1. @ConfigurationProperties(prefix="nacos", ignoreUnknownFields = true)
  2. @Configuration
  3. public class NacosGatewayProperties {
  5.  private String address;
  7.  private String dataId;
  9.  private String groupId;
  11.  private Long timeout;
  13.  public String getAddress() {
  14.  return address;
  15.  }
  17.  public void setAddress(String address) {
  18.  this.address = address;
  19.  }
  21.  public String getDataId() {
  22.  return dataId;
  23.  }
  25.  public void setDataId(String dataId) {
  26.  this.dataId = dataId;
  27.  }
  29.  public String getGroupId() {
  30.  return groupId;
  31.  }
  33.  public void setGroupId(String groupId) {
  34.  this.groupId = groupId;
  35.  }
  37.  public Long getTimeout() {
  38.  return timeout;
  39.  }
  41.  public void setTimeout(Long timeout) {
  42.  this.timeout = timeout;
  43.  } 
  44. }

DynamicRouteServiceImplByNacos： 实现runner，通过nacos下发动态路由配置


   
   
  1. @Component
  2. public class DynamicRouteServiceImplByNacos implements CommandLineRunner{
  4.  @Autowired
  5.  private DynamicRouteServiceImpl dynamicRouteService;
  7.  @Autowired
  8.  private NacosGatewayProperties nacosGatewayProperties;
  10.  /**
  11.  * 监听Nacos Server下发的动态路由配置
  12.  * @param dataId
  13.  * @param group
  14.  */
  15.  public void dynamicRouteByNacosListener (){
  16.  try {
  17.  ConfigService configService=NacosFactory.createConfigService(nacosGatewayProperties.getAddress());
  18.  String content = configService.getConfig(nacosGatewayProperties.getDataId(), nacosGatewayProperties.getGroupId(), nacosGatewayProperties.getTimeout());
  19.  System.out.println(content);
  20.  configService.addListener(nacosGatewayProperties.getDataId(), nacosGatewayProperties.getGroupId(), new Listener() {
  21.  @Override
  22.  public void receiveConfigInfo(String configInfo) {
  23.  List<RouteDefinition> list = JsonUtils.toList(configInfo, RouteDefinition.class);
  24.  list.forEach(definition->{
  25.  dynamicRouteService.update(definition);
  26.  });
  27.  }
  28.  @Override
  29.  public Executor getExecutor() {
  30.  return null;
  31.  }
  32.  });
  33.  } catch (NacosException e) {
  34.  e.printStackTrace();
  35.  }
  36.  }
  38.  @Override
  39.  public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
  40.  dynamicRouteByNacosListener();
  42.  }
  44. }

nacos配置下发

nacos配置


   
   
  1. nacos:
  2.  address: 127.0.0.1:8848
  3.  data-id: dhap-gateway 
  4.  group-id: AAA
  5.  timeout: 5000

nacos属性文件定义

新建dataID为

groupID为AAA 


   
   
  1. [
  2.  {
  3.  "filters": [],
  4.  "id": "blog1",
  5.  "order": 0,
  6.  "predicates": [{
  7.  "args": {
  8.  "pattern": "/z"
  9.  },
  10.  "name": "Path"
  11.  }],
  12.  "uri": "https://blog.csdn.net/zhangchangbin123"
  13. },
  14.  {
  15.  "filters": [],
  16.  "id": "blog1",
  17.  "order": 0,
  18.  "predicates": [{
  19.  "args": {
  20.  "pattern": "/c"
  21.  },
  22.  "name": "Path"
  23.  }],
  24.  "uri": "https://blog.csdn.net/zhangchangbin123"
  25. }
  26. ]

查看路由信息

路由结果

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