Java后端爱上SpringCloud 第四节:路由网关Zuul和Spring-Cloud-Gateway

一些链接

Spring Cloud Gateway替代zuul作为API网关
spring cloud-构建微服务架构的网关(API GateWay)

Zuul和Spring-Cloud-Gateway区别

  • Zuul 1.X是一种异步阻塞的server，不支持长连接，不支持WebSocket，但是2.0是异步非阻塞的，性能有很大的提高，支持长连接，也支持WebSocket。但是2.1.1的SpringCloud默认集成的是1.3.1。
  • Spring-Cloud-Gateway是Spring-Cloud无缝的一个组件。
  • 两者都是做路由网关的

Zuul应用

新建一个My-Spring-Zuul：
完成的pom.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.hyn</groupId>
	<artifactId>My-Spring-Zuul</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>My-Spring-Zuul</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.RC2</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

	<repositories>
		<repository>
			<id>spring-milestones</id>
			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
		</repository>
	</repositories>

</project>

启动类：

package com.hyn.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class MySpringZuulApplication {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(MySpringZuulApplication.class, args);
	}
}

yml文件及其解释如下：

spring:
  application:
    name: spring-boot-zuul
server:
  port: 8767
# tag::configuration-eureka[]

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"  #<2>
  endpoint:
    health:
      show-details: ALWAYS
# end::configuration-eureka[]
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/ 
zuul:
  routes:
    ribbon-api: 
      #可以指定 URL，但是需要知道每个服务的url，很是不方便
#      url: http://localhost:8765/
      #sericeId 指定了Eureka中注册的服务
      serviceId: spring-boot-ribbon
      #过滤以ribbon-api 开头的所有的请求给 spring-boot-ribbon 服务
      path: /ribbon-api/**
    feign-api: 
      path: /feign-api/**
      serviceId: spring-boot-feign
#      url: http://localhost:8763/

Spring-Cloud-Gateway应用

新建一个My-Spring-Gateway，完成的pom文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.hyn</groupId>
	<artifactId>My-Spring-Gateway</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>My-Spring-Gateway</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.RC2</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.security.oauth/spring-security-oauth2 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.security.oauth</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-security-oauth2</artifactId>
			<version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-oauth2</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

	<repositories>
		<repository>
			<id>spring-milestones</id>
			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
		</repository>
	</repositories>

</project>

yml文件及其解释如下：

spring:
  application:
    name: spring-boot-gateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      #id
      - id: ribbon-api
      #要发送的url
        uri: http://127.0.0.1:8765
      #配置要过滤的path，所有ribbon-api 都将路由到http://127.0.0.1:8765
        predicates:
        - Path=/ribbon-api/**
      #配置过滤规则，1位全部过滤
        filters:
        - StripPrefix=1
      - id: feign-api
        uri: http://127.0.0.1:8763
        predicates:
        - Path=/feign-api/**
        filters:
        - StripPrefix=1
server:
  port: 8766

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
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