本文主要描述如何让传统ASP.NET网站在Docker中运行，侧重Docker image 搭建。
使用条件：

1. Docker for windows 用户切换到Windows 容器模式
2. Windows Server 2016 用户 开启 Windows Container

关于Docker for windows，nanoserver,Windows Container一些概念区分

1. Docker for windows 在 win10 和 Windows Server 2016 上都能安装，但使用Docker for windows 开启Windows Container本质上都是在Hyper-v上运行。所以效率肯定没有原生的高，同时win10家庭版用户也跑不了Windows Container。
2. 在Windows Server 2016上开启的Windows Container 是“原生”的，Windows Container与主机共享内核（博主未验证），用于企业生产环境
3. nanoserver是超简版Windows Server 2016,目前微软只允许它作为在容器中运行，由于是超简版，没有IIS，但是可以手工部署，好像也没有framework,自然也跑不了ASP.NET ，但是正是由于它的精简，特别适合作为ASP.NET Core的 windows 生产运行环境！详情 docs.microsoft.com

MSSQL Docker

1.1 Dockerfile方式

参考Github Microsoft/mssql-docker 以下内容microsoft/windowsservercore处与Github略有不同，仅供参考

FROM microsoft/windowsservercore:ltsc2016

LABEL maintainer "Perry Skountrianos"

# Download Links:
ENV sql_express_download_url "https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=829176"

ENV sa_password="_" \
    attach_dbs="[]" \
    ACCEPT_EULA="_" \
    sa_password_path="C:\ProgramData\Docker\secrets\sa-password"

SHELL ["powershell", "-Command", "$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'; $ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue';"]

# make install files accessible
COPY start.ps1 /
WORKDIR /

RUN Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $env:sql_express_download_url -OutFile sqlexpress.exe ; \
        Start-Process -Wait -FilePath .\sqlexpress.exe -ArgumentList /qs, /x:setup ; \
        .\setup\setup.exe /q /ACTION=Install /INSTANCENAME=SQLEXPRESS /FEATURES=SQLEngine /UPDATEENABLED=0 /SQLSVCACCOUNT='NT AUTHORITY\System' /SQLSYSADMINACCOUNTS='BUILTIN\ADMINISTRATORS' /TCPENABLED=1 /NPENABLED=0 /IACCEPTSQLSERVERLICENSETERMS ; \
        Remove-Item -Recurse -Force sqlexpress.exe, setup

RUN stop-service MSSQL`$SQLEXPRESS ; \
        set-itemproperty -path 'HKLM:\software\microsoft\microsoft sql server\mssql14.SQLEXPRESS\mssqlserver\supersocketnetlib\tcp\ipall' -name tcpdynamicports -value '' ; \
        set-itemproperty -path 'HKLM:\software\microsoft\microsoft sql server\mssql14.SQLEXPRESS\mssqlserver\supersocketnetlib\tcp\ipall' -name tcpport -value 1433 ; \
        set-itemproperty -path 'HKLM:\software\microsoft\microsoft sql server\mssql14.SQLEXPRESS\mssqlserver\' -name LoginMode -value 2 ;

CMD .\start -sa_password $env:sa_password -ACCEPT_EULA $env:ACCEPT_EULA -attach_dbs \"$env:attach_dbs\" -Verbose

start.ps1

# The script sets the sa password and start the SQL Service 
# Also it attaches additional database from the disk
# The format for attach_dbs

param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[string]$sa_password,

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[string]$ACCEPT_EULA,

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[string]$attach_dbs
)


if($ACCEPT_EULA -ne "Y" -And $ACCEPT_EULA -ne "y")
{
	Write-Verbose "ERROR: You must accept the End User License Agreement before this container can start."
	Write-Verbose "Set the environment variable ACCEPT_EULA to 'Y' if you accept the agreement."

    exit 1 
}

# start the service
Write-Verbose "Starting SQL Server"
start-service MSSQL`$SQLEXPRESS

if($sa_password -eq "_") {
    $secretPath = $env:sa_password_path
    if (Test-Path $secretPath) {
        $sa_password = Get-Content -Raw $secretPath
    }
    else {
        Write-Verbose "WARN: Using default SA password, secret file not found at: $secretPath"
    }
}

if($sa_password -ne "_")
{
    Write-Verbose "Changing SA login credentials"
    $sqlcmd = "ALTER LOGIN sa with password=" +"'" + $sa_password + "'" + ";ALTER LOGIN sa ENABLE;"
    & sqlcmd -Q $sqlcmd
}

$attach_dbs_cleaned = $attach_dbs.TrimStart('\\').TrimEnd('\\')

$dbs = $attach_dbs_cleaned | ConvertFrom-Json

if ($null -ne $dbs -And $dbs.Length -gt 0)
{
    Write-Verbose "Attaching $($dbs.Length) database(s)"
	    
    Foreach($db in $dbs) 
    {            
        $files = @();
        Foreach($file in $db.dbFiles)
        {
            $files += "(FILENAME = N'$($file)')";           
        }

        $files = $files -join ","
        $sqlcmd = "IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM SYS.DATABASES WHERE NAME = '" + $($db.dbName) + "') BEGIN EXEC sp_detach_db [$($db.dbName)] END;CREATE DATABASE [$($db.dbName)] ON $($files) FOR ATTACH;"

        Write-Verbose "Invoke-Sqlcmd -Query $($sqlcmd)"
        & sqlcmd -Q $sqlcmd
    }
}

Write-Verbose "Started SQL Server."

$lastCheck = (Get-Date).AddSeconds(-2) 
while ($true) 
{ 
    Get-EventLog -LogName Application -Source "MSSQL*" -After $lastCheck | Select-Object TimeGenerated, EntryType, Message	 
    $lastCheck = Get-Date 
    Start-Sleep -Seconds 2 
}

docker build -t yourname/mssql:2017-CU1 .

1.2 Docker pull方式

docker pull microsoft/mssql-server-windows-express:2017-CU1

2 生成Container

SQLServer 密码规则 请点击 Password Policy
有关SQL Server 2016 Express Edition in Windows Containers 请点击 SQL Server 2016 Express Edition in Windows Containers
注意：虽然SQL Server是Express版本的，但连接实例名中没有"\SQLEXPRESS"

# 非必需
docker tag microsoft/mssql-server-windows-express:2017-CU1 microsoft/mssql:latest
# 运行实例
docker run -d -p 1433:1433 --name mssql01 -e sa_password=Jsdfk237 -e ACCEPT_EULA=Y --restart=always microsoft/mssql

MySQL Docker (MySQL Container on Windows)

尚未实践，仅供参考

docker pull dnikolayev/sonarqube-mysql-windows

ASP.NET Docker

1.1 Dockerfile方式

参考 Github Microsoft/aspnet-docker

# escape=`

FROM microsoft/dotnet-framework:4.7.2-runtime-windowsservercore-ltsc2016

SHELL ["powershell", "-Command", "$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'; $ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue';"]

RUN Add-WindowsFeature Web-Server; `
    Add-WindowsFeature NET-Framework-45-ASPNET; `
    Add-WindowsFeature Web-Asp-Net45; `
    Remove-Item -Recurse C:\inetpub\wwwroot\*; `
    Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://dotnetbinaries.blob.core.windows.net/servicemonitor/2.0.1.3/ServiceMonitor.exe -OutFile C:\ServiceMonitor.exe

#download Roslyn nupkg and ngen the compiler binaries
RUN Invoke-WebRequest https://api.nuget.org/packages/microsoft.net.compilers.2.8.2.nupkg -OutFile c:\microsoft.net.compilers.2.8.2.zip ; `	
    Expand-Archive -Path c:\microsoft.net.compilers.2.8.2.zip -DestinationPath c:\RoslynCompilers ; `
    Remove-Item c:\microsoft.net.compilers.2.8.2.zip -Force ; `
    &C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\ngen.exe update ; `
    &C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\ngen.exe update ; `
    &C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\ngen.exe install c:\RoslynCompilers\tools\csc.exe /ExeConfig:c:\RoslynCompilers\tools\csc.exe | `
    &C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\ngen.exe install c:\RoslynCompilers\tools\vbc.exe /ExeConfig:c:\RoslynCompilers\tools\vbc.exe  | `
    &C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\ngen.exe install c:\RoslynCompilers\tools\VBCSCompiler.exe /ExeConfig:c:\RoslynCompilers\tools\VBCSCompiler.exe | `
    &C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\ngen.exe install c:\RoslynCompilers\tools\csc.exe /ExeConfig:c:\RoslynCompilers\tools\csc.exe | `
    &C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\ngen.exe install c:\RoslynCompilers\tools\vbc.exe /ExeConfig:c:\RoslynCompilers\tools\vbc.exe | `
    &C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\ngen.exe install c:\RoslynCompilers\tools\VBCSCompiler.exe  /ExeConfig:c:\RoslynCompilers\tools\VBCSCompiler.exe ;

ENV ROSLYN_COMPILER_LOCATION c:\\RoslynCompilers\\tools

EXPOSE 80

ENTRYPOINT ["C:\\ServiceMonitor.exe", "w3svc"]

注意：2018/06/08 访问 https://api.nuget.org/packages/microsoft.net.compilers.2.8.2.nupkg 地址时 CDN 会转换成
https://nuget.cdn.azure.cn/packages/microsoft.net.compilers.2.8.2.nupkg 但这个网址并不存在此文件

docker build -t yourname/websitename:version .

1.2 Docker pull方式

docker pull microsoft/aspnet:4.7.2-windowsservercore-ltsc2016

2 更换Tag(非必需) 个人习惯

docker tag microsoft/aspnet:4.7.2-windowsservercore-ltsc2016 microsoft/aspnet:latest

有两种方式运行网站

直接使用ASPNET镜像运行网站

docker run `
-d `
--link mssql01 `
--name siteserver01 `
-v C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/Web/SiteServer01:C:/inetpub/wwwroot `
-p 80:80 `
--restart=always `
microsoft/aspnet

将网站封装进容器

Dockerfile
其中"."代表网站根目录

FROM microsoft/aspnet
COPY . /inetpub/wwwroot
EXPOSE 80

docker build -t yourname/website:version .

docker run --link mssql01 -d -p 80:80 --name website01 --restart=always yourname/website:version

容器互联(可选 除link的另外一种方式)

docker network create website01_network
docker network connect website01_network website01
docker network connect website01_network mssql01

清理孤立的数据卷

docker volume ls -qf dangling=true

参考

将旧版整体式 .NET Framework 应用程序迁移到 Windows 容器

将 ASP.NET MVC 应用程序迁移到 Windows 容器

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