基于html5+的nativejs实现android蓝牙串口通讯
代码实现摸索了一下，自己写了一个蓝牙串口连接接收数据的小示例。还是希望有大神告知如何开启多线程来接收数据。如果要测试此代码需要自行引入vue.js。
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##开发工具
基于hbuilder打包的webapp。
##所需知识
- 了解基本的html，css，js，vue.js
- 了解原生android的开发
- 了解android蓝牙的开发
- 了解hbuilder的使用
##代码实现
摸索了一下，自己写了一个蓝牙串口连接接收数据的小示例。
由于是连接到串口蓝牙，需要在手机或电脑下载一个蓝牙串口助手来测试。
由于js不能实现多线程，此种方法接收数据速度太慢，有条件还是要用原生插件来开多线程读取数据。
现在比较遗憾的是每次只能读取一个数据：
let dataArr = [];
while(invoke(btInStream, "available") !== 0) {
let data = invoke(btInStream, "read");
dataArr.push(data);
let ct = new Date().getTime();
if(ct - t > 20) {
break;
}
}
if(dataArr.length > 0) {
options.readDataCallback && options.readDataCallback(dataArr);
}
通过传入一个byte数组来读取流中数据的方法，如何用nativejs来翻译呢，希望有大神告知一下。
byte[] buffer = new byte[16];
int len = btInStream.read(buffer);
我还封装了一个基于cordova打包的串口蓝牙插件，可以进行多线程读取数据，有需要的联系我。
核心js代码
/**
* html5+ 串口蓝牙操作
*/
function BluetoothTool() {
let BluetoothAdapter = plus.android.importClass("android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter");
let Intent = plus.android.importClass("android.content.Intent");
let IntentFilter = plus.android.importClass("android.content.IntentFilter");
let BluetoothDevice = plus.android.importClass("android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice");
let UUID = plus.android.importClass("java.util.UUID");
let Toast = plus.android.importClass("android.widget.Toast");
//连接串口设备的 UUID
let MY_UUID = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
let invoke = plus.android.invoke;
let btAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
let activity = plus.android.runtimeMainActivity();
let btSocket = null;
let btInStream = null;
let btOutStream = null;
let setIntervalId = 0;
let btFindReceiver = null; //蓝牙搜索广播接收器
let btStatusReceiver = null; //蓝牙状态监听广播
let state = {
bluetoothEnable: false, //蓝牙是否开启
bluetoothState: "", //当前蓝牙状态
discoveryDeviceState: false, //是否正在搜索蓝牙设备
readThreadState: false, //数据读取线程状态
};
let options = {
/**
* 监听蓝牙状态回调
* @param {String} state
*/
listenBTStatusCallback: function(state) {},
/**
* 搜索到新的蓝牙设备回调
* @param {Device} newDevice
*/
discoveryDeviceCallback: function(newDevice) {},
/**
* 蓝牙搜索完成回调
*/
discoveryFinishedCallback: function() {},
/**
* 接收到数据回调
* @param {Array} dataByteArr
*/
readDataCallback: function(dataByteArr) {},
/**
* 蓝牙连接中断回调
* @param {Exception} e
*/
connExceptionCallback: function(e) {}
}
let bluetoothToolInstance = {
state: state, //蓝牙状态
init: init, //初始化回调函数
isSupportBluetooth: isSupportBluetooth,
getBluetoothStatus: getBluetoothStatus,
turnOnBluetooth: turnOnBluetooth,
turnOffBluetooth: turnOffBluetooth,
getPairedDevices: getPairedDevices,
discoveryNewDevice: discoveryNewDevice,
listenBluetoothStatus: listenBluetoothStatus,
connDevice: connDevice,
disConnDevice: disConnDevice,
cancelDiscovery: cancelDiscovery,
readData: readData,
sendData: sendData
}
if(window.bluetoothToolInstance) {
return window.bluetoothToolInstance;
} else {
window.bluetoothToolInstance = bluetoothToolInstance;
return bluetoothToolInstance;
}
function init(setOptions) {
Object.assign(options, setOptions);
state.bluetoothEnable = getBluetoothStatus();
listenBluetoothStatus();
}
function shortToast(msg) {
Toast.makeText(activity, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
/**
* 是否支持蓝牙
* @return {boolean}
*/
function isSupportBluetooth() {
if(btAdapter != null) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* 获取蓝牙的状态
* @return {boolean} 是否已开启
*/
function getBluetoothStatus() {
if(btAdapter != null) {
return btAdapter.isEnabled();
}
return false;
}
/**
* 打开蓝牙
* @param activity
* @param requestCode
*/
function turnOnBluetooth() {
if(btAdapter == null) {
shortToast("没有蓝牙");
return;
}
if(!btAdapter.isEnabled()) {
if(activity == null) {
shortToast("未获取到activity");
return;
} else {
let intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
let requestCode = 1;
activity.startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode);
return;
}
} else {
shortToast("蓝牙已经打开");
}
}
/**
* 关闭蓝牙
*/
function turnOffBluetooth() {
if(btAdapter != null && btAdapter.isEnabled()) {
btAdapter.disable();
}
if(btFindReceiver != null) {
try {
activity.unregisterReceiver(btFindReceiver);
} catch(e) {
}
btFindReceiver = null;
}
state.bluetoothEnable = false;
cancelDiscovery();
closeBtSocket();
if(btAdapter != null && btAdapter.isEnabled()) {
btAdapter.disable();
shortToast("蓝牙关闭成功");
} else {
shortToast("蓝牙已经关闭");
}
}
/**
* 获取已经配对的设备
* @return {Array} connetedDevices
*/
function getPairedDevices() {
let pairedDevices = [];
//蓝牙连接android原生对象，是一个set集合
let pairedDevicesAndroid = null;
if(btAdapter != null && btAdapter.isEnabled()) {
pairedDevicesAndroid = btAdapter.getBondedDevices();
} else {
shortToast("蓝牙未开启");
}
if(!pairedDevicesAndroid) {
return pairedDevices;
}
//遍历连接设备的set集合，转换为js数组
let it = invoke(pairedDevicesAndroid, "iterator");
while(invoke(it, "hasNext")) {
let device = invoke(it, "next");
pairedDevices.push({
"name": invoke(device, "getName"),
"address": invoke(device, "getAddress")
});
}
return pairedDevices;
}
/**
* 发现设备
*/
function discoveryNewDevice() {
if(btFindReceiver != null) {
try {
activity.unregisterReceiver(btFindReceiver);
} catch(e) {
console.error(e);
}
btFindReceiver = null;
cancelDiscovery();
}
let Build = plus.android.importClass("android.os.Build");
//6.0以后的如果需要利用本机查找周围的wifi和蓝牙设备, 申请权限
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 6.0){
}
btFindReceiver = plus.android.implements("io.dcloud.android.content.BroadcastReceiver", {
"onReceive": function(context, intent) {
plus.android.importClass(context);
plus.android.importClass(intent);
let action = intent.getAction();
if(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND == action) { // 找到设备
let device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
let newDevice = {
"name": plus.android.invoke(device, "getName"),
"address": plus.android.invoke(device, "getAddress")
}
options.discoveryDeviceCallback && options.discoveryDeviceCallback(newDevice);
}
if(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED == action) { // 搜索完成
cancelDiscovery();
options.discoveryFinishedCallback && options.discoveryFinishedCallback();
}
}
});
let filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
activity.registerReceiver(btFindReceiver, filter);
btAdapter.startDiscovery(); //开启搜索
state.discoveryDeviceState = true;
}
/**
* 蓝牙状态监听
* @param {Activity} activity
*/
function listenBluetoothStatus() {
if(btStatusReceiver != null) {
try {
activity.unregisterReceiver(btStatusReceiver);
} catch(e) {
console.error(e);
}
btStatusReceiver = null;
}
btStatusReceiver = plus.android.implements("io.dcloud.android.content.BroadcastReceiver", {
"onReceive": function(context, intent) {
plus.android.importClass(context);
plus.android.importClass(intent);
let action = intent.getAction();
switch(action) {
case BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED:
let blueState = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_STATE, 0);
let stateStr = "";
switch(blueState) {
case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_TURNING_ON:
stateStr = "STATE_TURNING_ON";
break;
case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON:
state.bluetoothEnable = true;
stateStr = "STATE_ON";
break;
case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_TURNING_OFF:
stateStr = "STATE_TURNING_OFF";
break;
case BluetoothAdapter.STATE_OFF:
stateStr = "STATE_OFF";
state.bluetoothEnable = false;
break;
}
state.bluetoothState = stateStr;
options.listenBTStatusCallback && options.listenBTStatusCallback(stateStr);
break;
}
}
});
let filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);
activity.registerReceiver(btStatusReceiver, filter);
}
/**
* 根据蓝牙地址，连接设备
* @param {Stirng} address
* @return {Boolean}
*/
function connDevice(address) {
let InputStream = plus.android.importClass("java.io.InputStream");
let OutputStream = plus.android.importClass("java.io.OutputStream");
let BluetoothSocket = plus.android.importClass("android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket");
cancelDiscovery();
if(btSocket != null) {
closeBtSocket();
}
state.readThreadState = false;
try {
let device = invoke(btAdapter, "getRemoteDevice", address);
btSocket = invoke(device, "createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord", MY_UUID);
} catch(e) {
console.error(e);
shortToast("连接失败，获取Socket失败！");
return false;
}
try {
invoke(btSocket, "connect");
readData(); //读数据
shortToast("连接成功");
} catch(e) {
console.error(e);
shortToast("连接失败");
try {
btSocket.close();
btSocket = null;
} catch(e1) {
console.error(e1);
}
return false;
}
return true;
}
/**
* 断开连接设备
* @param {Object} address
* @return {Boolean}
*/
function disConnDevice() {
if(btSocket != null) {
closeBtSocket();
}
state.readThreadState = false;
shortToast("断开连接成功");
}
/**
* 断开连接设备
* @param {Object} address
* @return {Boolean}
*/
function closeBtSocket() {
state.readThreadState = false;
if(!btSocket) {
return;
}
try {
btSocket.close();
} catch(e) {
console.error(e);
btSocket = null;
}
}
/**
* 取消发现
*/
function cancelDiscovery() {
if(btAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
btAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
if(btFindReceiver != null) {
activity.unregisterReceiver(btFindReceiver);
btFindReceiver = null;
}
state.discoveryDeviceState = false;
}
/**
* 读取数据
* @param {Object} activity
* @param {Function} callback
* @return {Boolean}
*/
function readData() {
if(!btSocket) {
shortToast("请先连接蓝牙设备！");
return false;
}
try {
btInStream = invoke(btSocket, "getInputStream");
btOutStream = invoke(btSocket, "getOutputStream");
} catch(e) {
console.error(e);
shortToast("创建输入输出流失败！");
closeBtSocket();
return false;
}
let setTimeCount = 0;
read();
state.readThreadState = true;
return true;
/**
* 模拟java多线程读取数据
*/
function read() {
clearInterval(setIntervalId);
setIntervalId = setInterval(function() {
setTimeCount++;
if(state.readThreadState) {
let t = new Date().getTime();
//心跳检测
if(setTimeCount % 20 == 0) {
try {
btOutStream.write([0b00]);
} catch(e) {
state.readThreadState = false;
options.connExceptionCallback && options.connExceptionCallback(e);
}
}
let dataArr = [];
while(invoke(btInStream, "available") !== 0) {
let data = invoke(btInStream, "read");
dataArr.push(data);
let ct = new Date().getTime();
if(ct - t > 20) {
break;
}
}
if(dataArr.length > 0) {
options.readDataCallback && options.readDataCallback(dataArr);
}
}
}, 40);
}
}
/**
* 发送数据
* @param {String} dataStr
* @return {Boolean}
*/
function sendData(dataStr) {
if(!btOutStream) {
shortToast("创建输出流失败！");
return;
}
let bytes = invoke(dataStr, 'getBytes', 'gbk');
try {
btOutStream.write(bytes);
} catch(e) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
};
调用示例:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" />
<title>html5+ android蓝牙操作</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<input type="button" name="" id="" value="打开蓝牙" @click="turnOnBluetooth" />
<input type="button" name="" id="" value="关闭蓝牙" @click="turnOffBluetooth" />
<input type="button" name="" id="" value="已配对的设备" @click="getPairedDevices" />
<input type="button" name="" id="" value="搜索蓝牙设备" @click="discoveryNewDevice" />
<div>
蓝牙状态：
<pre>{{bluetoothState}}</pre>
</div>
<div>
消息：{{msg}}
</div>
<div>
<input type="button" value="断开连接" @click="disConnDevice" />
</div>
已配对的设备：
<br>
<ul>
<li v-for="device in pairedDevices">
名称：{{device.name}}<br> 地址：{{device.address}}
<br>
<input type="button" value="连接" @click="connDevice(device.address)" />
</li>
</ul>
发现的设备：<br>
<ul>
<li v-for="device in newDevices">
名称：{{device.name}}<br> 地址：{{device.address}}<br>
<input type="button" value="连接" @click="connDevice(device.address)" />
</li>
</ul>
<div>
发送数据：
<textarea cols="20" rows="4" v-model="sendData"></textarea>
<input type="button" value="发送" @click="onSendData" />
</div>
<br>
<div style="margin-bottom: 100px;">接收的数据：
<input type="button" value="清空" @click="receiveDataArr = [];" />
<div style="width: 100%;min-height: 50px;">byte数组:
<span v-for="data in receiveDataArr">
{{data}}
</span>
</div>
<div style="width: 100%;min-height: 50px;word-wrap:break-word;">
对应的string字符串:<br> {{receiveDataStr}}
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script src="js/vue.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/BluetoothTool.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
// 监听plusready事件
document.addEventListener("plusready", function() {
var bluetoothTool = null;
var vm = new Vue({
"el": "#app",
data: function() {
return {
bluetoothState: {},
pairedDevices: [],
newDevices: [],
receiveDataArr: [],
sendData: "",
msg: ""
}
},
computed: {
receiveDataStr: function() {
return String.fromCharCode.apply(String, this.receiveDataArr);
},
bluetoothStatusDesc: function() {
return this.bluetoothStatus ? "已开启" : "已关闭";
}
},
created: function() {
let that = this;
bluetoothTool = BluetoothTool();
this.bluetoothState = bluetoothTool.state;
bluetoothTool.init({
listenBTStatusCallback: function(state) {
that.msg = "蓝牙状态: " + state;
},
discoveryDeviceCallback: function(newDevice) {
that.newDevices.push(newDevice);
},
discoveryFinishedCallback: function() {
that.msg = "搜索完成";
},
readDataCallback: function(dataByteArr) {
if(that.receiveDataArr.length >= 200) {
that.receiveDataArr = [];
}
that.receiveDataArr.push.apply(that.receiveDataArr, dataByteArr);
},
connExceptionCallback: function(e) {
console.log(e);
that.msg = "设备连接失败";
}
});
},
methods: {
turnOnBluetooth: function() {
bluetoothTool.turnOnBluetooth();
},
turnOffBluetooth: function() {
bluetoothTool.turnOffBluetooth();
},
getPairedDevices: function() {
this.pairedDevices = bluetoothTool.getPairedDevices();
},
discoveryNewDevice: function() {
this.newDevices = [];
bluetoothTool.discoveryNewDevice();
},
cancelDiscovery: function() {
bluetoothTool.cancelDiscovery();
},
connDevice: function(address) {
bluetoothTool.connDevice(address);
},
disConnDevice: function() {
bluetoothTool.disConnDevice();
},
onSendData: function() {
bluetoothTool.sendData(this.sendData);
},
}
});
}, false);
</script>
</body>
</html>
当时在cordova上开发的蓝牙插件demo https://github.com/chengxg/small-car
apicloud上的插件见 https://blog.csdn.net/cxgasd/article/details/122537895
这个比较实用
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