搭建SpringMVC (Java配置)

配置DispatcherServletDispatcherServlet的是SpringMVC的核心。在这里请求会第一次接触都框架，它要负责将请求路由到其他的组件之中。使用Java配置将DispatcherServlet配置在Servlet容器中。WebAppInitializer.java/*** 配置DispatcherServlet** @author wxz**/pu

王学政

4720人浏览 · 2016-11-25 16:29:02

王学政 · 2016-11-25 16:29:02 发布

配置DispatcherServlet

DispatcherServlet的是SpringMVC的核心。在这里请求会第一次接触都框架，它要负责将请求路由到其他的组件之中。

使用Java配置将DispatcherServlet配置在Servlet容器中。

WebAppInitializer.java

/**
 * 配置DispatcherServlet
 * 
 * @author wxz
 *
 */
public class WebAppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer{

    /**
     * 此方法返回的带有@Configuration注解的类将会用来配置ContextLoaderListener创建的应用上下文中的Bean
     */
    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        return new Class<?>[] {RootConfig.class};
    }

    /**
     * 当DispatcherServlet启动的时候，它会创建Spring应用上下文，并加载配置文件或配置类中所声明的Bean。
     * DispatcherServlet加载应用上下文时，使用定义在WebConfig配置类中的Bean
     * 
     */
    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        return new Class<?>[] {WebConfig.class}; // 指定配置类
    }

    /**
     * 将一个或多个路径映射到DispatcherServlet上
     */
    @Override
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[] {"/"}; // 将dispatcherServlet映射到“/”
    }

}

启用SpringMVC

WebConfig.java

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc // 启用SpringMVC
@ComponentScan("com.sosweet") // 启用组件扫描
public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter{

    /** 视图解析器 */
    @Bean
    public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver(){
        InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
        viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/classes/views/"); // 运行时的目录结构
        viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
        viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
        return viewResolver;
    }

    /** 配置静态资源的处理 */
    @Override
    public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer){
        configurer.enable();
    }

}

RootConfig.java

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages={"com.sosweet"}, excludeFilters={
        @Filter(type=FilterType.ANNOTATION, value=EnableWebMvc.class)
})
public class RootConfig {

}

web.xml 的Schema必须是3.0+的

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
</web-app>

完整的项目目录结构：

这里写图片描述

pom.xml


        <!-- Spring 4.3.3 -->
        <!-- Core Container 核心容器 -->
        <!-- 核心工具类，Spring其它模块大量使用Spring-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 运行时Spring容器 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring容器对第三方包的集成 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring定义Bean的支持 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 使用表达式语言在运行时查询和操作对象 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- End Core Container 核心容器 -->

        <!-- AOP -->
        <!-- 基于代理的AOP支持 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 基于AspectJ的AOP支持 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- aspectj -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- End AOP -->

        <!-- web -->
        <!-- 提供基础的web集成的功能，在web项目中提供Spring容器 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 提供基于Servlet的SpringMVC -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 提供WebSocket功能 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-websocket</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 提供Portlet环境支持 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc-portlet</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- End web -->
        <!-- End Spring 4.0 -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- javax -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>

添加Servlet、Filter、Listener

想往Web容器中注册其他组件的话，只需创建一个新的初始化器就可以了。最简单的方式就是实现Spring的WebApplicationInitializer接口。

public class MyServletInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer{

    @Override
    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

}

添加Servlet

public class MyServletInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer{

    @Override
    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {

        ServletRegistration.Dynamic myServlet = servletContext.addServlet("myServlet", MyServlet.class); // 注册Servlet
        myServlet.addMapping("/custom/**"); // 映射Servlet

    }

}

添加Filter

public class MyServletInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer{

    @Override
    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {

        /** 注册Servlet */
        ServletRegistration.Dynamic myServlet = servletContext.addServlet("myServlet", MyServlet.class); // 注册Servlet
        myServlet.addMapping("/custom/**"); // 映射Servlet

        /** 注册Filter */
        FilterRegistration.Dynamic myFilter = servletContext.addFilter("myFilter", MyFilter.class); // 注册Filter
        myFilter.addMappingForUrlPatterns(null, false, "/custom/**"); // 添加Filter的映射路径

    }

}