Linux 系统查看硬件配置信息

Windows下面查看硬件配置信息，通常我们会去下载相关软件，软件会给我们提供非常直观的方式。虽然在Linux下面也有这类的软件，但大家通常不这么做，习惯于使用内置的命令查看。原因大家都知道，因为作为服务器角色的Linux系统通常不会安装GUI桌面的。这些命令其实也很简单，我在这里归纳总结下吧。首页«WEB服务器并发测试工具 – siege做一个懂产品的程序员

chenyulancn

3834人浏览 · 2013-11-25 15:35:23

chenyulancn · 2013-11-25 15:35:23 发布

Windows下面查看硬件配置信息，通常我们会去下载相关软件，软件会给我们提供非常直观的方式。虽然在Linux下面也有这类的软件，但大家通常不这么做，习惯于使用内置的命令查看。原因大家都知道，因为作为服务器角色的Linux系统通常不会安装GUI桌面的。这些命令其实也很简单，我在这里归纳总结下吧。

一、查看主板
查看主板型号

  
    Code example:
   
        dmidecode -t baseboard
       
        SMBIOS 2.4 present.
       
        Handle 0x0002, DMItype 2, 8 bytes
       
        Base Board Information
       
                Manufacturer: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd.
       
                Product Name: G41MT-D3   #这是我的主板型号啦
       
                Version:
       
                Serial Number:

Code example:
`dmidecode -t baseboard` `SMBIOS 2.4 present.` `Handle 0x0002, DMItype` `2, 8 bytes` `Base Board Information` `Manufacturer: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd.` `Product Name: G41MT-D3` `#这是我的主板型号啦` `Version:` `Serial Number:`

查看BIOS信息

  
    Code example:
   
        dmidecode -t bios
       
        ......
       
        BIOS Information
       
            Vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
       
            Version: 4.6.5
       
            Release Date: 04/25/2012
       
            .......
       
            BIOS Revision: 4.6
       
        ......

Code example:
`dmidecode -t bios` `......` `BIOS Information` `Vendor: American Megatrends Inc.` `Version: 4.6.5` `Release Date: 04/25/2012` `.......` `BIOS Revision: 4.6` `......`

二、查看CPU
通过lscpu命令查看

  
    Code example:
   
        lscpu
       
        Architecture:          x86_64
       
        CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
       
        CPU(s):                1
       
        Thread(s) per core:    1
       
        Core(s) per socket:    1
       
        CPU socket(s):         1
       
        NUMA node(s):          1
       
        Vendor ID:             GenuineIntel
       
        CPU family:            15
       
        Model:                 4
       
        Stepping:              9
       
        CPU MHz:               2800.135
       
        L1d cache:             16K
       
        L2 cache:              256K

Code example:
`lscpu` `Architecture: x86_64` `CPU` `op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit` `CPU(s): 1` `Thread(s) per core: 1` `Core(s) per socket: 1` `CPU socket(s): 1` `NUMA node(s): 1` `Vendor ID: GenuineIntel` `CPU family: 15` `Model: 4` `Stepping: 9` `CPU MHz: 2800.135` `L1d cache: 16K` `L2 cache: 256K`

查看/proc/cpuinfo文件，获取CPU详细参数。

  
    Code example:
   
        cat  /proc/cpuinfo
       
        processor       : 0
       
        vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
       
        cpu family      : 15
       
        model           : 4
       
        model name      : Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 2.80GHz  #CPU型号
       
        stepping        : 9
       
        cpu MHz         : 2800.135
       
        cache size      : 256 KB
       
        fpu             :yes
       
        fpu_exception   :yes
       
        cpuid level     : 5
       
        wp              :yes
       
        flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce...
       
        bogomips        : 5600.27
       
        clflush size    : 64
       
        cache_alignment : 128
       
        address sizes   : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
       
        power management:

Code example:
`cat` `/proc/cpuinfo` `processor : 0` `vendor_id : GenuineIntel` `cpu family : 15` `model : 4` `model name : Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 2.80GHz` `#CPU型号` `stepping : 9` `cpu MHz : 2800.135` `cache size : 256 KB` `fpu :yes` `fpu_exception :yes` `cpuid level : 5` `wp :yes` `flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce...` `bogomips : 5600.27` `clflush size : 64` `cache_alignment : 128` `address sizes : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual` `power management:`

三、查看内存
内存使用情况

  
    Code example:
   
        free  -m
       
                     total       used      free     shared    buffers     cached
       
        Mem:          1977       1254        722          0        150        564
       
        -/+ buffers/cache:        539       1438
       
        Swap:         3858          0       3858

Code example:
`free` `-m` `total used` `free` `shared buffers cached` `Mem: 1977 1254 722 0 150 564` `-/+ buffers/cache: 539 1438` `Swap: 3858 0 3858`

内存硬件信息

  
    Code example:
   
        dmidecode -t memory
       
        SMBIOS 2.7 present.
       
        Handle 0x0008, DMItype 16, 23 bytes
       
        Physical Memory Array
       
            Location: System Board Or Motherboard
       
        ....
       
            Maximum Capacity: 32 GB
       
        ....
       
        Handle 0x000A, DMItype 17, 34 bytes
       
        ....
       
        Memory Device
       
            Array Handle: 0x0008
       
            Error Information Handle: Not Provided
       
            Total Width: 64 bits
       
            Data Width: 64 bits
       
            Size: 4096 MB
       
        .....

Code example:
`dmidecode -t memory` `SMBIOS 2.7 present.` `Handle 0x0008, DMItype` `16, 23 bytes` `Physical Memory Array` `Location: System Board Or Motherboard` `....` `Maximum Capacity: 32 GB` `....` `Handle 0x000A, DMItype` `17, 34 bytes` `....` `Memory Device` `Array Handle: 0x0008` `Error Information Handle: Not Provided` `Total Width: 64 bits` `Data Width: 64 bits` `Size: 4096 MB` `.....`

四、查看网卡
网卡型号

  
    Code example:
   
        lspci|grep-i 'eth'
       
        02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168BPCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06)

Code example:
`lspci\|grep-i` `'eth'` `02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168BPCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06)`

参数和指标

  
    Code example:
   
        ethtooleth0
       
        Settings foreth0:
       
            Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
       
            Supported link modes:   10baseT/Half10baseT/Full
       
        baseT/Half100baseT/Full
       
        baseT/Half1000baseT/Full
       
            Supported pause frame use: No
       
            Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
       
            Advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half10baseT/Full
       
        baseT/Half100baseT/Full
       
        baseT/Half1000baseT/Full
       
            Advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only
       
            Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
       
            Link partner advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half10baseT/Full
       
        baseT/Half100baseT/Full
       
            .....
       
            Speed: 100Mb/s
       
            Duplex: Full
       
            .....
       
            Link detected:yes

Code example:
`ethtooleth0` `Settings` `foreth0:` `Supported ports: [ TP MII ]` `Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half10baseT/Full` `baseT/Half100baseT/Full` `baseT/Half1000baseT/Full` `Supported pause frame use: No` `Supports auto-negotiation: Yes` `Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half10baseT/Full` `baseT/Half100baseT/Full` `baseT/Half1000baseT/Full` `Advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only` `Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes` `Link partner advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half10baseT/Full` `baseT/Half100baseT/Full` `.....` `Speed: 100Mb/s` `Duplex: Full` `.....` `Link detected:yes`

五、查看硬盘
挂载和使用情况

  
    Code example:
   
        df  -h
       
        Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
       
        /dev/sda1            323M  148M  159M  49% /
       
        tmpfs                 989M     0  989M   0%/lib/init/rw
       
        udev                  984M  172K  984M   1%/dev
       
        tmpfs                 989M     0  989M   0%/dev/shm
       
        /dev/sda9            444G   62G  360G  15% /home
       
        /dev/sda8            368M   11M  339M   3% /tmp
       
        /dev/sda5            8.3G  1.5G  6.5G  19% /usr
       
        /dev/sda6            2.8G  551M  2.1G  21% /var

Code example:
`df` `-h` `Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on` `/dev/sda1` `323M 148M 159M 49% /` `tmpfs 989M 0 989M 0%/lib/init/rw` `udev 984M 172K 984M 1%/dev` `tmpfs 989M 0 989M 0%/dev/shm` `/dev/sda9` `444G 62G 360G 15%` `/home` `/dev/sda8` `368M 11M 339M 3%` `/tmp` `/dev/sda5` `8.3G 1.5G 6.5G 19%` `/usr` `/dev/sda6` `2.8G 551M 2.1G 21%` `/var`

分区详细信息

Code example:
`fdisk` `-l` `Disk` `/dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes` `255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders` `Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes` `Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes` `I/Osize (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes` `Disk identifier: 0x0001ef9d` `Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System` `/dev/sda1` `* 1 43 340992 83 Linux` `Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.` `/dev/sda2` `43 60802 488042497 5 Extended` `/dev/sda5` `43 1137 8787968 83 Linux` `/dev/sda6` `1137 1502 2928640 83 Linux` `/dev/sda7` `1502 1994 3951616 82 Linux swap / Solaris` `/dev/sda8` `1994 2043 389120 83 Linux` `/dev/sda9` `2043 60802 471981056 83 Linux`