OpenStack——编排(Heat)服务介绍与安装
OpenStack Heat 是一个基于模板的编排服务，用于自动化部署和管理基础设施资源。它允许用户通过编写模板文件来描述所需的基础设施资源和配置，然后使用 Heat 引擎来解析和执行这些模板，自动创建、配置和管理云环境中的资源。
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OpenStack——编排(Heat)服务介绍与安装
OpenStack Heat 是一个基于模板的编排服务，用于自动化部署和管理基础设施资源。它允许用户通过编写模板文件来描述所需的基础设施资源和配置，然后使用 Heat 引擎来解析和执行这些模板，自动创建、配置和管理云环境中的资源。
例如，假设我们有一个Web应用程序，它需要一个虚拟机作为Web服务器、一个存储卷用于存储数据、一个网络用于连接虚拟机和存储卷。我们可以使用Heat模板来描述这些资源和它们之间的关系。在模板中，我们可以指定虚拟机的镜像、网络的子网、存储卷的大小等属性，并定义资源之间的依赖关系，比如虚拟机需要在存储卷创建完成后才能启动。 一旦我们创建了这个模板，就可以使用Heat服务来部署和管理这个应用程序。Heat会根据模板中的描述，自动创建和配置虚拟机、存储卷和网络等资源。而当我们需要更新或删除这些资源时，只需要修改模板并重新执行Heat命令，它会根据模板中的变化来自动更新或删除相应的资源。
安装和配置(controller)
准备
配置Heat服务组件之前，需要先创建数据库、服务证书和API endpoint。
(1)创建数据库
①在操作系统终端连接数据库
[root@controller ~]# mysql -uroot -p000000
②创建heat数据库
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE heat;
③Heat数据库访问权限设置
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON heat.* TO 'heat'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';
④退出数据库
(2)加载admin user 的环境变量
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh
(3)创建服务凭证
①创建Heat用户
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password 000000 heat
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | c2774323d7e04a529d1fcdc18d6549f9 |
| name | heat |
| options | {} |
| password_expires_at | None |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
②admin为用户添加角色heat
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user heat admin
③创建Heat和heat-cfn service entity
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name heat --description "Orchestration" orchestration
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Orchestration |
| enabled | True |
| id | 7ce739d29f3841ad9bed4d286f546bd7 |
| name | heat |
| type | orchestration |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name heat-cfn --description "Orchestration" cloudformation
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Orchestration |
| enabled | True |
| id | f1c9a2b146b94d75b19a13f1b806e4d8 |
| name | heat-cfn |
| type | cloudformation |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
(4)创建Heat编排服务组件的API endpoint
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne orchestration public http://controller:8004/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 56d9afe212be479394529d2e5b33e9bc |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 7ce739d29f3841ad9bed4d286f546bd7 |
| service_name | heat |
| service_type | orchestration |
| url | http://controller:8004/v1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne orchestration internal http://controller:8004/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | b77211d055ac468094a1834318a24341 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 7ce739d29f3841ad9bed4d286f546bd7 |
| service_name | heat |
| service_type | orchestration |
| url | http://controller:8004/v1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne orchestration admin http://controller:8004/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 02f7ab4296a94dc1ac909cf7e83b91bc |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 7ce739d29f3841ad9bed4d286f546bd7 |
| service_name | heat |
| service_type | orchestration |
| url | http://controller:8004/v1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne cloudformation public http://controller:8000/v1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 26264981dd3a414aa18fd64e4ec2ba84 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | f1c9a2b146b94d75b19a13f1b806e4d8 |
| service_name | heat-cfn |
| service_type | cloudformation |
| url | http://controller:8000/v1 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne cloudformation internal http://controller:8000/v1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 9b4f604bb0984b63ad050655762a7d41 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | f1c9a2b146b94d75b19a13f1b806e4d8 |
| service_name | heat-cfn |
| service_type | cloudformation |
| url | http://controller:8000/v1 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne cloudformation admin http://controller:8000/v1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 9c8c76a1b03a44a8a7728fa47670410e |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | f1c9a2b146b94d75b19a13f1b806e4d8 |
| service_name | heat-cfn |
| service_type | cloudformation |
| url | http://controller:8000/v1 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
(5)创建Orchestration服务需要在Identity服务中添加信息，用以操作Stack
①创建Heat域
[root@controller ~]# openstack domain create --description "Stack projects and users" heat
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Stack projects and users |
| enabled | True |
| id | 3fb118462aa344ba8c0fb36fc0296fa7 |
| name | heat |
| options | {} |
| tags | [] |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
②创建heat_domain_admin用户，管理Heat域中的project和user
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain heat --password-prompt heat_domain_admin
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | 3fb118462aa344ba8c0fb36fc0296fa7 |
| enabled | True |
| id | 2632b29ed7a746e4bf01466c475fcf57 |
| name | heat_domain_admin |
| options | {} |
| password_expires_at | None |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
③将admin角色添加到heat_domain_admin域中的用户 heat以启用heat_domain_admin用户的管理堆栈管理权限
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --domain heat --user-domain heat --user heat_domain_admin admin
④创建 heat_stack_owner 角色
[root@controller ~]# openstack role create heat_stack_owner
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | None |
| domain_id | None |
| id | 816798fab0bf4825a4a71d36ade47f44 |
| name | heat_stack_owner |
| options | {} |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
⑤将heat_stack_owner角色添加到demoproject和user，使demo user 可以管理 Stack
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project demo --user demo heat_stack_owner
⑥创建heat_stack_user_role
[root@controller ~]# openstack role create heat_stack_user
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | None |
| domain_id | None |
| id | a1b8a79460f04f28ba5c12bc372304d3 |
| name | heat_stack_user |
| options | {} |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
安装和配置Heat编排服务组件
(1)安装软件包
[root@controller ~]# yum install -y openstack-heat-api openstack-heat-api-cfn openstack-heat-engine openstack-heat-ui
(2)配置文件
编辑/etc/heat/heat.conf文件并完成以下操作
①在[database]部分中，配置数据库访问
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://heat:000000@controller/heat
②在[DEFAULT]部分中，配置RabbitMQ消息队列访问
[DEFAULT]
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:000000@controller
③在[keystone_authtoken]、[trustee]、 和[clients_keystone]部分中，配置身份服务访问
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = heat
password = 000000
[trustee]
auth_type = password
auth_url = http://controller:5000
username = heat
password = 000000
user_domain_name = default
[clients_keystone]
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
④在[DEFAULT]部分中，配置元数据和等待条件 URL
[DEFAULT]
heat_metadata_server_url = http://controller:8000
heat_waitcondition_server_url = http://controller:8000/v1/waitcondition
⑤在[DEFAULT]部分中，配置堆栈域和管理凭据
[DEFAULT]
stack_domain_admin = heat_domain_admin
stack_domain_admin_password = 000000
stack_user_domain_name = heat
(3)同步数据库
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "heat-manage db_sync" heat
完成安装
启动 Orchestration 服务并将其配置为开机自启
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start openstack-heat-api.service openstack-heat-api-cfn.service openstack-heat-engine.service && systemctl enable openstack-heat-api.service openstack-heat-api-cfn.service openstack-heat-engine.service
# 自行查看log文件是否报错
验证
(1)加载环境变量
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh
(2)列出Heat编排服务组件进程是否成功启动和注册
[root@controller ~]# openstack orchestration service list
+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+----------------------------+--------+
| Hostname | Binary | Engine ID | Host | Topic | Updated At | Status |
+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+----------------------------+--------+
| controller | heat-engine | 4c0919cf-a36b-449c-8fa6-4dad9f355a43 | controller | engine | 2023-07-01T01:53:55.000000 | up |
| controller | heat-engine | acc70835-f179-44c7-9ae6-e900cdda1fa8 | controller | engine | 2023-07-01T01:53:55.000000 | up |
| controller | heat-engine | f9dc47f6-06ad-4dbb-afc5-7f4138b58d3b | controller | engine | 2023-07-01T01:53:55.000000 | up |
| controller | heat-engine | 7c95fd77-74f8-4cd9-ac8e-984c36554ad8 | controller | engine | 2023-07-01T01:53:55.000000 | up |
+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+----------------------------+--------+
编写 Heat 模板执行 yaml 文件可以创建名为 heat-swift 的容器
[root@controller ~]# vim swift.yaml
heat_template_version: 2014-10-16
description: "创建容器"
resources:
user:
type: OS::Swift::Container
properties:
name: heat-swift
[root@controller ~]# openstack stack create csqstack -t create_container.yaml
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| id | 82f6fda4-fa1c-4cc7-b8f1-340f6e13d266 |
| stack_name | csqstack |
| description | 创建容器 |
| creation_time | 2023-07-01T11:49:09Z |
| updated_time | None |
| stack_status | CREATE_IN_PROGRESS |
| stack_status_reason | Stack CREATE started |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# swift list
heat-swift
数据库是今天社会发展不可缺少的重要技术，它可以把大量的信息进行有序的存储和管理，为企业的数据处理提供了强大的保障。
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