网络上推荐了很多部署efk的方案，按照教程尝试很多教程，都无法使用。在学习了efk原理之后，自己搭建了一套可用的efk方案。

efk方案架构这里就不详细介绍了，网上资料一大堆。

通过eck部署es和kibana

参考我的文档：在k8s上搭建elasticsearch服务

可以部署好elasticsearch和elasticsearch

注意，elasticsearch和kibana都不使用https

需要增加配置

spec:
  http:
    tls:
      selfSignedCertificate:
        disabled: true

部署flunted

fluentd.yaml文件

# fluentd-es-ds.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: fluentd-es
  namespace: elastic-system
  labels:
    app: fluentd-es
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: fluentd-es
  labels:
    app: fluentd-es
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - "namespaces"
  - "pods"
  verbs:
  - "get"
  - "watch"
  - "list"
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: fluentd-es
  labels:
    app: fluentd-es
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: fluentd-es
  namespace: elastic-system
  apiGroup: ""
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: fluentd-es
  apiGroup: ""
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: fluentd-es
  namespace: elastic-system
  labels:
    app: fluentd-es
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: fluentd-es
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: fluentd-es
    spec:
      serviceAccount: fluentd-es
      serviceAccountName: fluentd-es
      tolerations:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        effect: NoSchedule      
      containers:
      - name: fluentd-es
        image: fluent/fluentd-kubernetes-daemonset:v1.11.5-debian-elasticsearch7-1.1
        env:
        - name:  FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_HOST
          value: quickstart-es-http
        # default user
        - name:  FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_USER
          value: elastic
        # is already present from the elasticsearch deployment
        - name:  FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD
          valueFrom:
            secretKeyRef:
              name: quickstart-es-elastic-user
              key: elastic
        # elasticsearch standard port
        - name:  FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_PORT
          value: "9200"
        # der elastic operator ist https standard
        - name: FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_SCHEME
          value: "http"
          # dont need systemd logs for now
        - name: FLUENTD_SYSTEMD_CONF
          value: disable
        # da certs self signt sind muss verify disabled werden
        - name:  FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_SSL_VERIFY
          value: "false"
        # to avoid issue https://github.com/uken/fluent-plugin-elasticsearch/issues/525
        - name:  FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_RELOAD_CONNECTIONS
          value: "false"
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 512Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log
        - name: varlibdockercontainers
          mountPath: /var/lib/docker/containers
          readOnly: true
        - name: config-volume
          mountPath: /fluentd/etc
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log
      - name: varlibdockercontainers
        hostPath:
          path: /var/lib/docker/containers
      - name: config-volume
        configMap:
          name: fluentd-es-config

fluentd-es-configmap.yaml

# fluentd-es-configmap
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: fluentd-es-config
  namespace: elastic-system
data:
  fluent.conf: |-
    # https://github.com/fluent/fluentd-kubernetes-daemonset/blob/master/docker-image/v1.11/debian-elasticsearch7/conf/fluent.conf

    @include "#{ENV['FLUENTD_SYSTEMD_CONF'] || 'systemd'}.conf"
    @include "#{ENV['FLUENTD_PROMETHEUS_CONF'] || 'prometheus'}.conf"
    @include kubernetes.conf
    @include conf.d/*.conf

    <match kubernetes.**>
      # https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/23001
      @type elasticsearch_dynamic
      @id  kubernetes_elasticsearch
      @log_level info
      include_tag_key true
      host "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_HOST']}"
      port "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_PORT']}"
      path "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_PATH']}"
      scheme "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_SCHEME'] || 'http'}"
      ssl_verify "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_SSL_VERIFY'] || 'true'}"
      ssl_version "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_SSL_VERSION'] || 'TLSv1_2'}"
      user "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_USER'] || use_default}"
      password "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD'] || use_default}"
      reload_connections "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_RELOAD_CONNECTIONS'] || 'false'}"
      reconnect_on_error "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_RECONNECT_ON_ERROR'] || 'true'}"
      reload_on_failure "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_RELOAD_ON_FAILURE'] || 'true'}"
      log_es_400_reason "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_LOG_ES_400_REASON'] || 'false'}"
      logstash_prefix logstash-${record['kubernetes']['namespace_name']}
      logstash_dateformat "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_LOGSTASH_DATEFORMAT'] || '%Y.%m.%d'}"
      logstash_format "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_LOGSTASH_FORMAT'] || 'true'}"
      index_name "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_LOGSTASH_INDEX_NAME'] || 'logstash'}"
      target_index_key "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_TARGET_INDEX_KEY'] || use_nil}"
      type_name "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_LOGSTASH_TYPE_NAME'] || 'fluentd'}"
      include_timestamp "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_INCLUDE_TIMESTAMP'] || 'false'}"
      template_name "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_TEMPLATE_NAME'] || use_nil}"
      template_file "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_TEMPLATE_FILE'] || use_nil}"
      template_overwrite "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_TEMPLATE_OVERWRITE'] || use_default}"
      sniffer_class_name "#{ENV['FLUENT_SNIFFER_CLASS_NAME'] || 'Fluent::Plugin::ElasticsearchSimpleSniffer'}"
      request_timeout "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_REQUEST_TIMEOUT'] || '5s'}"
      suppress_type_name "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_SUPPRESS_TYPE_NAME'] || 'true'}"
      enable_ilm "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_ENABLE_ILM'] || 'false'}"
      ilm_policy_id "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_ILM_POLICY_ID'] || use_default}"
      ilm_policy "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_ILM_POLICY'] || use_default}"
      ilm_policy_overwrite "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_ILM_POLICY_OVERWRITE'] || 'false'}"
      <buffer>
        flush_thread_count "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_BUFFER_FLUSH_THREAD_COUNT'] || '8'}"
        flush_interval "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_BUFFER_FLUSH_INTERVAL'] || '5s'}"
        chunk_limit_size "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_BUFFER_CHUNK_LIMIT_SIZE'] || '2M'}"
        queue_limit_length "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_BUFFER_QUEUE_LIMIT_LENGTH'] || '32'}"
        retry_max_interval "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_BUFFER_RETRY_MAX_INTERVAL'] || '30'}"
        retry_forever true
      </buffer>
    </match>

    <match **>
      @type elasticsearch
      @id out_es
      @log_level info
      include_tag_key true
      host "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_HOST']}"
      port "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_PORT']}"
      path "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_PATH']}"
      scheme "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_SCHEME'] || 'http'}"
      ssl_verify "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_SSL_VERIFY'] || 'true'}"
      ssl_version "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_SSL_VERSION'] || 'TLSv1_2'}"
      user "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_USER'] || use_default}"
      password "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD'] || use_default}"
      reload_connections "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_RELOAD_CONNECTIONS'] || 'false'}"
      reconnect_on_error "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_RECONNECT_ON_ERROR'] || 'true'}"
      reload_on_failure "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_RELOAD_ON_FAILURE'] || 'true'}"
      log_es_400_reason "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_LOG_ES_400_REASON'] || 'false'}"
      logstash_prefix "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_LOGSTASH_PREFIX'] || 'logstash'}"
      logstash_dateformat "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_LOGSTASH_DATEFORMAT'] || '%Y.%m.%d'}"
      logstash_format "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_LOGSTASH_FORMAT'] || 'true'}"
      index_name "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_LOGSTASH_INDEX_NAME'] || 'logstash'}"
      target_index_key "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_TARGET_INDEX_KEY'] || use_nil}"
      type_name "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_LOGSTASH_TYPE_NAME'] || 'fluentd'}"
      include_timestamp "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_INCLUDE_TIMESTAMP'] || 'false'}"
      template_name "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_TEMPLATE_NAME'] || use_nil}"
      template_file "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_TEMPLATE_FILE'] || use_nil}"
      template_overwrite "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_TEMPLATE_OVERWRITE'] || use_default}"
      sniffer_class_name "#{ENV['FLUENT_SNIFFER_CLASS_NAME'] || 'Fluent::Plugin::ElasticsearchSimpleSniffer'}"
      request_timeout "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_REQUEST_TIMEOUT'] || '5s'}"
      suppress_type_name "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_SUPPRESS_TYPE_NAME'] || 'true'}"
      enable_ilm "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_ENABLE_ILM'] || 'false'}"
      ilm_policy_id "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_ILM_POLICY_ID'] || use_default}"
      ilm_policy "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_ILM_POLICY'] || use_default}"
      ilm_policy_overwrite "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_ILM_POLICY_OVERWRITE'] || 'false'}"
      <buffer>
        flush_thread_count "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_BUFFER_FLUSH_THREAD_COUNT'] || '8'}"
        flush_interval "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_BUFFER_FLUSH_INTERVAL'] || '5s'}"
        chunk_limit_size "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_BUFFER_CHUNK_LIMIT_SIZE'] || '2M'}"
        queue_limit_length "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_BUFFER_QUEUE_LIMIT_LENGTH'] || '32'}"
        retry_max_interval "#{ENV['FLUENT_ELASTICSEARCH_BUFFER_RETRY_MAX_INTERVAL'] || '30'}"
        retry_forever true
      </buffer>
    </match>
  kubernetes.conf: |-
    # https://github.com/fluent/fluentd-kubernetes-daemonset/blob/master/docker-image/v1.11/debian-elasticsearch7/conf/kubernetes.conf

    <label @FLUENT_LOG>
      <match fluent.**>
        @type null
        @id ignore_fluent_logs
      </match>
    </label>

    <source>
      @id fluentd-containers.log
      @type tail
      path /var/log/containers/*.log
      pos_file /var/log/es-containers.log.pos
      tag raw.kubernetes.*
      read_from_head true
      <parse>
        @type multi_format
        <pattern>
          format json
          time_key time
          time_format %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%NZ
        </pattern>
        <pattern>
          format /^(?<time>.+) (?<stream>stdout|stderr) [^ ]* (?<log>.*)$/
          time_format %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%N%:z
        </pattern>
      </parse>
    </source>
    # Detect exceptions in the log output and forward them as one log entry.
    <match raw.kubernetes.**>
      @id raw.kubernetes
      @type detect_exceptions
      remove_tag_prefix raw
      message log
      stream stream
      multiline_flush_interval 5
      chunk_limit_size 512m
      max_bytes 50000000
      max_lines 1000
    </match>
    # Concatenate multi-line logs
    <filter **>
      @id filter_concat
      @type concat
      key message
      multiline_end_regexp /\n$/
      separator ""
    </filter>
    # Enriches records with Kubernetes metadata
    <filter kubernetes.**>
      @id filter_kubernetes_metadata
      @type kubernetes_metadata
    </filter>
    # Fixes json fields in Elasticsearch
    <filter kubernetes.**>
      @id filter_parser
      @type parser
      key_name log
      reserve_data true
      remove_key_name_field true
      <parse>
        @type multi_format
        <pattern>
          format json
        </pattern>
        <pattern>
          format none
        </pattern>
      </parse>
    </filter>

    <source>
      @type tail
      @id in_tail_minion
      path /var/log/salt/minion
      pos_file /var/log/fluentd-salt.pos
      tag salt
      <parse>
        @type regexp
        expression /^(?<time>[^ ]* [^ ,]*)[^\[]*\[[^\]]*\]\[(?<severity>[^ \]]*) *\] (?<message>.*)$/
        time_format %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
      </parse>
    </source>

    <source>
      @type tail
      @id in_tail_startupscript
      path /var/log/startupscript.log
      pos_file /var/log/fluentd-startupscript.log.pos
      tag startupscript
      <parse>
        @type syslog
      </parse>
    </source>

    <source>
      @type tail
      @id in_tail_docker
      path /var/log/docker.log
      pos_file /var/log/fluentd-docker.log.pos
      tag docker
      <parse>
        @type regexp
        expression /^time="(?<time>[^)]*)" level=(?<severity>[^ ]*) msg="(?<message>[^"]*)"( err="(?<error>[^"]*)")?( statusCode=($<status_code>\d+))?/
      </parse>
    </source>

    <source>
      @type tail
      @id in_tail_etcd
      path /var/log/etcd.log
      pos_file /var/log/fluentd-etcd.log.pos
      tag etcd
      <parse>
        @type none
      </parse>
    </source>

    <source>
      @type tail
      @id in_tail_kubelet
      multiline_flush_interval 5s
      path /var/log/kubelet.log
      pos_file /var/log/fluentd-kubelet.log.pos
      tag kubelet
      <parse>
        @type kubernetes
      </parse>
    </source>

    <source>
      @type tail
      @id in_tail_kube_proxy
      multiline_flush_interval 5s
      path /var/log/kube-proxy.log
      pos_file /var/log/fluentd-kube-proxy.log.pos
      tag kube-proxy
      <parse>
        @type kubernetes
      </parse>
    </source>

    <source>
      @type tail
      @id in_tail_kube_apiserver
      multiline_flush_interval 5s
      path /var/log/kube-apiserver.log
      pos_file /var/log/fluentd-kube-apiserver.log.pos
      tag kube-apiserver
      <parse>
        @type kubernetes
      </parse>
    </source>

    <source>
      @type tail
      @id in_tail_kube_controller_manager
      multiline_flush_interval 5s
      path /var/log/kube-controller-manager.log
      pos_file /var/log/fluentd-kube-controller-manager.log.pos
      tag kube-controller-manager
      <parse>
        @type kubernetes
      </parse>
    </source>

    <source>
      @type tail
      @id in_tail_kube_scheduler
      multiline_flush_interval 5s
      path /var/log/kube-scheduler.log
      pos_file /var/log/fluentd-kube-scheduler.log.pos
      tag kube-scheduler
      <parse>
        @type kubernetes
      </parse>
    </source>

    <source>
      @type tail
      @id in_tail_rescheduler
      multiline_flush_interval 5s
      path /var/log/rescheduler.log
      pos_file /var/log/fluentd-rescheduler.log.pos
      tag rescheduler
      <parse>
        @type kubernetes
      </parse>
    </source>

    <source>
      @type tail
      @id in_tail_glbc
      multiline_flush_interval 5s
      path /var/log/glbc.log
      pos_file /var/log/fluentd-glbc.log.pos
      tag glbc
      <parse>
        @type kubernetes
      </parse>
    </source>

    <source>
      @type tail
      @id in_tail_cluster_autoscaler
      multiline_flush_interval 5s
      path /var/log/cluster-autoscaler.log
      pos_file /var/log/fluentd-cluster-autoscaler.log.pos
      tag cluster-autoscaler
      <parse>
        @type kubernetes
      </parse>
    </source>

    # Example:
    # 2017-02-09T00:15:57.992775796Z AUDIT: id="90c73c7c-97d6-4b65-9461-f94606ff825f" ip="104.132.1.72" method="GET" user="kubecfg" as="<self>" asgroups="<lookup>" namespace="default" uri="/api/v1/namespaces/default/pods"
    # 2017-02-09T00:15:57.993528822Z AUDIT: id="90c73c7c-97d6-4b65-9461-f94606ff825f" response="200"
    <source>
      @type tail
      @id in_tail_kube_apiserver_audit
      multiline_flush_interval 5s
      path /var/log/kubernetes/kube-apiserver-audit.log
      pos_file /var/log/kube-apiserver-audit.log.pos
      tag kube-apiserver-audit
      <parse>
        @type multiline
        format_firstline /^\S+\s+AUDIT:/
        # Fields must be explicitly captured by name to be parsed into the record.
        # Fields may not always be present, and order may change, so this just looks
        # for a list of key="\"quoted\" value" pairs separated by spaces.
        # Unknown fields are ignored.
        # Note: We can't separate query/response lines as format1/format2 because
        #       they don't always come one after the other for a given query.
        format1 /^(?<time>\S+) AUDIT:(?: (?:id="(?<id>(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*)"|ip="(?<ip>(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*)"|method="(?<method>(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*)"|user="(?<user>(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*)"|groups="(?<groups>(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*)"|as="(?<as>(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*)"|asgroups="(?<asgroups>(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*)"|namespace="(?<namespace>(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*)"|uri="(?<uri>(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*)"|response="(?<response>(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*)"|\w+="(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*"))*/
        time_format %Y-%m-%dT%T.%L%Z
      </parse>
    </source>

注意：

• elasticsearch取消了https认证，所以这里配置需要用http，重点！！！

验证

查看部署

登陆kibana

通过kibana查看是否有日志信息

kubectl port-forward service/quickstart-kb-http 5601:5601

通过kubectl port-forward转发，可以通过http://127.0.0.1:5601/访问kibana服务

服务会自动跳转到http://127.0.0.1:5601/app/home#/

注意需要输入账号和密码，具体参考我的文档：k8s上搭建elasticsearch服务

创建索引

如上图有4个步骤

1. 按字母D进入
2. 单机Index Patterns
3. 输入索引pattern：logstash-*
4. 创建索引

查看数据

按照上面三个步骤，现在可以看到容器的日志信息了

参考

注：参考了以下方案，不代表可行，反正我验证之后都没成功过

Kubernetes日志系统设计和实践(1)-EFK日志系统搭建（ECK方式）

Kubernetes日志系统设计和实践(1)-EFK日志系统搭建（ECK方式） | pigpi

实战带你一步步高效进行k8s日志收集

太绝了！实战带你一步步高效进行k8s日志收集

Kubernetes 基于 EFK 技术栈的日志收集实践

Kubernetes 基于 EFK 技术栈的日志收集实践_qhh0205的博客-CSDN博客

基于kubernetes实现efk日志收集--aliyun

基于kubernetes实现efk日志收集--aliyun_我的运维的技术博客_51CTO博客

搭建 EFK 日志系统

搭建 EFK 日志系统 · 从 Docker 到 Kubernetes 进阶手册

日志收集方案

参考：Kubernetes日志采集-EFK - 简书