准备工作

1. 在public中的index.html中初始化地图

<script src="https://webapi.amap.com/maps?v=1.4.15&key=您申请的key值"></script>

2. 在 .eslintrc.js 中配置AMap和AMapUI

globals: {
    "AMap": "true",
    "AMapUI":"true",
  }

实现思路

1. 封装一个全局组件scottMap.vue，用于加载地图
2. 封装一个基于scottMap.vue的组件mapLayer.vue，用于在地图上切换图层
3. 子组件向父组件传递用户选择的图层，父组件渲染
4. 通过v-if和组件传参，确定需要的地图组件
5. 组件嵌套封装代码（一个地图上面有多个功能），相比一个地图上封装一个功能，这种方式加载速度更快

父组件scottMap.vue

<template>
  <div class="m-map">
    <div id="js-container" class="map">正在加载数据 ...</div>
    <div class="route">
        <map-layer v-if="isLayer" @layerName="changeLayer"></map-layer>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import MapLayer from './scottMap/mapLayer.vue'
/*
  传递参数:
    1. isLayer:       是否需要切换图层
*/
export default {
  name: 'mapIndex',
  components: { MapLayer },
  props: {
    isLayer: {
      type: Boolean,
      default: false
    }
  },
  data () {
    return {
      AMap: null,
      map: null,
      layer: '',
      mapConfig: {
        zoom: 10, // 设置地图显示的缩放级别
        center: [117.27, 31.86], // 设置地图中心点坐标
        layers: []
      }
    }
  },
  mounted () {
    this.initMap()
  },
  methods: {
    // 实例化地图
    initMap () {
      this.AMap = window.AMap
      this.map = new AMap.Map('js-container', this.mapConfig)
    },
    // 切换图层
    changeLayer (val) {
      switch (val) {
        case 'layer':
          this.layer = new AMap.TileLayer()
          break
        case 'satellite':
          this.layer = new AMap.TileLayer.Satellite()
          break
        case 'roadNet':
          this.layer = new AMap.TileLayer.RoadNet()
          break
        case 'traffic':
          this.layer = new AMap.TileLayer.Traffic()
          break

        default:
          this.$notify({
            title: '提示',
            message: '切换图层失败!',
            duration: 3000
          })
          break
      }
      this.mapConfig.layers.splice(0, 1, this.layer)
      this.map.destroy()
      this.map = new AMap.Map('js-container', this.mapConfig)
    }
  }

}
</script>

<style lang="css">
.m-map{ min-width: 500px; min-height: 300px; position: relative; }
.m-map .map{ width: 100%; height: 100%; }
.route{
    position: absolute;
    top: 10px;
    left: 200px;
    display: flex;
}
</style>

子组件 mapLayer.vue

<template>
    <div>
       <el-dropdown trigger="click" @command="handleCommand">
        <el-button>
            切换图层<i class="el-icon-arrow-down el-icon--right"></i>
        </el-button>
        <el-dropdown-menu slot="dropdown">
            <el-dropdown-item command="layer">标准图层</el-dropdown-item>
            <el-dropdown-item command="satellite">卫星图层</el-dropdown-item>
            <el-dropdown-item command="roadNet">路网图层</el-dropdown-item>
            <el-dropdown-item command="traffic">实时交通图层</el-dropdown-item>
        </el-dropdown-menu>
        </el-dropdown>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: '',
  components: {},
  data () {
    return {}
  },
  methods: {
    handleCommand (command) {
      this.$emit('layerName', command)
    }
  }
}
</script>

<style lang='less' scoped>

</style>

页面调用

<scottMap :isLayer="true" >  </scottMap>