k8s监控实战-部署prometheus
1 prometheus前言相关由于docker容器的特殊性，传统的zabbix无法对k8s集群内的docker状态进行监控，所以需要使用prometheus来进行监控prometheus官网：官网地址1.1 Prometheus的特点多维度数据模型,使用时间序列数据库TSDB而不使用mysql。灵活的查询语言PromQL。不依赖分布式存储，单个服务器节点是自主的。主要基于HTTP的pull方式主
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1 prometheus前言相关
由于docker容器的特殊性，传统的zabbix无法对k8s集群内的docker状态进行监控，所以需要使用prometheus来进行监控
prometheus官网：官网地址
1.1 Prometheus的特点
- 多维度数据模型,使用时间序列数据库TSDB而不使用mysql。
- 灵活的查询语言PromQL。
- 不依赖分布式存储，单个服务器节点是自主的。
- 主要基于HTTP的pull方式主动采集时序数据
- 也可通过pushgateway获取主动推送到网关的数据。
- 通过服务发现或者静态配置来发现目标服务对象。
- 支持多种多样的图表和界面展示，比如Grafana等。
1.2 基本原理
1.2.1 原理说明
Prometheus的基本原理是通过各种exporter提供的HTTP协议接口
周期性抓取被监控组件的状态，任意组件只要提供对应的HTTP接口就可以接入监控。
不需要任何SDK或者其他的集成过程,非常适合做虚拟化环境监控系统，比如VM、Docker、Kubernetes等。
互联网公司常用的组件大部分都有exporter可以直接使用，如Nginx、MySQL、Linux系统信息等。
1.2.2 架构图:
1.2.3 三大套件
- Server 主要负责数据采集和存储，提供PromQL查询语言的支持。
- Alertmanager 警告管理器，用来进行报警。
- Push Gateway 支持临时性Job主动推送指标的中间网关。
1.2.4 架构服务过程
- Prometheus Daemon负责定时去目标上抓取metrics(指标)数据
每个抓取目标需要暴露一个http服务的接口给它定时抓取。
支持通过配置文件、文本文件、Zookeeper、DNS SRV Lookup等方式指定抓取目标。 - PushGateway用于Client主动推送metrics到PushGateway
而Prometheus只是定时去Gateway上抓取数据。
适合一次性、短生命周期的服务 - Prometheus在TSDB数据库存储抓取的所有数据
通过一定规则进行清理和整理数据，并把得到的结果存储到新的时间序列中。 - Prometheus通过PromQL和其他API可视化地展示收集的数据。
支持Grafana、Promdash等方式的图表数据可视化。
Prometheus还提供HTTP API的查询方式，自定义所需要的输出。 - Alertmanager是独立于Prometheus的一个报警组件
支持Prometheus的查询语句，提供十分灵活的报警方式。
1.2.5 常用的exporter
prometheus不同于zabbix，没有agent，使用的是针对不同服务的exporter
正常情况下，监控k8s集群及node，pod，常用的exporter有四个：
- kube-state-metrics
收集k8s集群master&etcd等基本状态信息 - node-exporter
收集k8s集群node信息 - cadvisor
收集k8s集群docker容器内部使用资源信息 - blackbox-exporte
收集k8s集群docker容器服务是否存活
2 部署4个exporter
老套路，下载docker镜像，准备资源配置清单，应用资源配置清单：
2.1 部署kube-state-metrics
2.1.1 准备docker镜像
docker pull quay.io/coreos/kube-state-metrics:v1.5.0
docker tag 91599517197a harbor.zq.com/public/kube-state-metrics:v1.5.0
docker push harbor.zq.com/public/kube-state-metrics:v1.5.0
准备目录
mkdir /data/k8s-yaml/kube-state-metrics
cd /data/k8s-yaml/kube-state-metrics
2.1.2 准备rbac资源清单
cat >rbac.yaml <<'EOF'
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
name: kube-state-metrics
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
labels:
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
name: kube-state-metrics
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- configmaps
- secrets
- nodes
- pods
- services
- resourcequotas
- replicationcontrollers
- limitranges
- persistentvolumeclaims
- persistentvolumes
- namespaces
- endpoints
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- policy
resources:
- poddisruptionbudgets
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- extensions
resources:
- daemonsets
- deployments
- replicasets
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- apps
resources:
- statefulsets
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- batch
resources:
- cronjobs
- jobs
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- autoscaling
resources:
- horizontalpodautoscalers
verbs:
- list
- watch
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
labels:
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
name: kube-state-metrics
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: kube-state-metrics
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: kube-state-metrics
namespace: kube-system
EOF
2.1.3 准备Dp资源清单
cat >dp.yaml <<'EOF'
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
annotations:
deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: "2"
labels:
grafanak8sapp: "true"
app: kube-state-metrics
name: kube-state-metrics
namespace: kube-system
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
grafanak8sapp: "true"
app: kube-state-metrics
strategy:
rollingUpdate:
maxSurge: 25%
maxUnavailable: 25%
type: RollingUpdate
template:
metadata:
labels:
grafanak8sapp: "true"
app: kube-state-metrics
spec:
containers:
- name: kube-state-metrics
image: harbor.zq.com/public/kube-state-metrics:v1.5.0
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
name: http-metrics
protocol: TCP
readinessProbe:
failureThreshold: 3
httpGet:
path: /healthz
port: 8080
scheme: HTTP
initialDelaySeconds: 5
periodSeconds: 10
successThreshold: 1
timeoutSeconds: 5
serviceAccountName: kube-state-metrics
EOF
2.1.4 应用资源配置清单
任意node节点执行
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/kube-state-metrics/rbac.yaml
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/kube-state-metrics/dp.yaml
验证测试
kubectl get pod -n kube-system -o wide|grep kube-state-metrices
~]# curl http://172.7.21.4:8080/healthz
ok
返回OK表示已经成功运行。
基于k8s1.16.1报错获取不到资源的问题升级为1.7.0
kube-state-metrics获取资源报错的问题升级为1.7.0
下载1.7.0版本kube-state-metrics
docker pull quay.io/coreos/kube-state-metrics:v1.7.0
docker tag b7a474fd3864 harbor.kcwl.com/public/kube-state-metrics:v1.7.0
docker push harbor.kcwl.com/public/kube-state-metrics:v1.7.0rabc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
name: kube-state-metrics
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
labels:
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
name: kube-state-metrics
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- configmaps
- secrets
- nodes
- pods
- services
- resourcequotas
- replicationcontrollers
- limitranges
- persistentvolumeclaims
- persistentvolumes
- namespaces
- endpoints
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- extensions
- metrics.k8s.io
resources:
- daemonsets
- deployments
- replicasets
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- apps
- metrics.k8s.io
resources:
- statefulsets
- daemonsets
- deployments
- replicasets
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- batch
resources:
- cronjobs
- jobs
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- autoscaling
resources:
- horizontalpodautoscalers
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- authentication.k8s.io
resources:
- tokenreviews
verbs:
- create
- apiGroups:
- authorization.k8s.io
resources:
- subjectaccessreviews
verbs:
- create
- apiGroups:
- policy
resources:
- poddisruptionbudgets
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- certificates.k8s.io
resources:
- certificatesigningrequests
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- storage.k8s.io
resources:
- storageclasses
- volumeattachments
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- admissionregistration.k8s.io
resources:
- mutatingwebhookconfigurations
- validatingwebhookconfigurations
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- networking.k8s.io
- extensions
resources:
- networkpolicies
- ingresses
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- coordination.k8s.io
resources:
- leases
verbs:
- list
- watch
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
labels:
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
name: kube-state-metrics
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: kube-state-metrics
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: kube-state-metrics
namespace: kube-systemdp.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
annotations:
deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: "2"
labels:
grafanak8sapp: "true"
app: kube-state-metrics
name: kube-state-metrics
namespace: kube-system
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
grafanak8sapp: "true"
app: kube-state-metrics
strategy:
rollingUpdate:
maxSurge: 25%
maxUnavailable: 25%
type: RollingUpdate
template:
metadata:
labels:
grafanak8sapp: "true"
app: kube-state-metrics
spec:
containers:
- name: kube-state-metrics
image: harbor.kcwl.com/public/kube-state-metrics:v1.7.0
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
name: http-metrics
protocol: TCP
readinessProbe:
failureThreshold: 3
httpGet:
path: /healthz
port: 8080
scheme: HTTP
initialDelaySeconds: 5
periodSeconds: 10
successThreshold: 1
timeoutSeconds: 5
serviceAccountName: kube-state-metrics
2.2 部署node-exporter
由于node-exporter是监控node的，需要每个节点启动一个，所以使用ds控制器
2.2.1 准备docker镜像
docker pull prom/node-exporter:v0.15.0
docker tag 12d51ffa2b22 harbor.zq.com/public/node-exporter:v0.15.0
docker push harbor.zq.com/public/node-exporter:v0.15.0
准备目录
mkdir /data/k8s-yaml/node-exporter
cd /data/k8s-yaml/node-exporter
2.2.2 准备ds资源清单
cat >ds.yaml <<'EOF'
kind: DaemonSet
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
metadata:
name: node-exporter
namespace: kube-system
labels:
daemon: "node-exporter"
grafanak8sapp: "true"
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
daemon: "node-exporter"
grafanak8sapp: "true"
template:
metadata:
name: node-exporter
labels:
daemon: "node-exporter"
grafanak8sapp: "true"
spec:
volumes:
- name: proc
hostPath:
path: /proc
type: ""
- name: sys
hostPath:
path: /sys
type: ""
containers:
- name: node-exporter
image: harbor.zq.com/public/node-exporter:v0.15.0
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
args:
- --path.procfs=/host_proc
- --path.sysfs=/host_sys
ports:
- name: node-exporter
hostPort: 9100
containerPort: 9100
protocol: TCP
volumeMounts:
- name: sys
readOnly: true
mountPath: /host_sys
- name: proc
readOnly: true
mountPath: /host_proc
hostNetwork: true
EOF
主要用途就是将宿主机的
/proc,sys目录挂载给容器,是容器能获取node节点宿主机信息
2.2.3 应用资源配置清单：
任意node节点
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/node-exporter/ds.yaml
kubectl get pod -n kube-system -o wide|grep node-exporter
2.3 部署cadvisor
2.3.1 准备docker镜像
docker pull google/cadvisor:v0.28.3
docker tag 75f88e3ec333 harbor.zq.com/public/cadvisor:v0.28.3
docker push harbor.zq.com/public/cadvisor:v0.28.3
准备目录
mkdir /data/k8s-yaml/cadvisor
cd /data/k8s-yaml/cadvisor
2.3.2 准备ds资源清单
cadvisor由于要获取每个node上的pod信息,因此也需要使用daemonset方式运行
cat >ds.yaml <<'EOF'
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: cadvisor
namespace: kube-system
labels:
app: cadvisor
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
name: cadvisor
template:
metadata:
labels:
name: cadvisor
spec:
hostNetwork: true
#------pod的tolerations与node的Taints配合,做POD指定调度----
tolerations:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
effect: NoSchedule
#-------------------------------------
containers:
- name: cadvisor
image: harbor.zq.com/public/cadvisor:v0.28.3
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
volumeMounts:
- name: rootfs
mountPath: /rootfs
readOnly: true
- name: var-run
mountPath: /var/run
- name: sys
mountPath: /sys
readOnly: true
- name: docker
mountPath: /var/lib/docker
readOnly: true
ports:
- name: http
containerPort: 4194
protocol: TCP
readinessProbe:
tcpSocket:
port: 4194
initialDelaySeconds: 5
periodSeconds: 10
args:
- --housekeeping_interval=10s
- --port=4194
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
volumes:
- name: rootfs
hostPath:
path: /
- name: var-run
hostPath:
path: /var/run
- name: sys
hostPath:
path: /sys
- name: docker
hostPath:
path: /data/docker
EOF
2.3.3 应用资源配置清单：
应用清单前,先在每个node上做以下软连接,否则服务可能报错
mount -o remount,rw /sys/fs/cgroup/
ln -s /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuacct,cpu
应用清单
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/cadvisor/ds.yaml
检查：
kubectl -n kube-system get pod -o wide|grep cadvisor
2.4 部署blackbox-exporter
2.4.1 准备docker镜像
docker pull prom/blackbox-exporter:v0.15.1
docker tag 81b70b6158be harbor.zq.com/public/blackbox-exporter:v0.15.1
docker push harbor.zq.com/public/blackbox-exporter:v0.15.1
准备目录
mkdir /data/k8s-yaml/blackbox-exporter
cd /data/k8s-yaml/blackbox-exporter
2.4.2 准备cm资源清单
cat >cm.yaml <<'EOF'
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
labels:
app: blackbox-exporter
name: blackbox-exporter
namespace: kube-system
data:
blackbox.yml: |-
modules:
http_2xx:
prober: http
timeout: 2s
http:
valid_http_versions: ["HTTP/1.1", "HTTP/2"]
valid_status_codes: [200,301,302]
method: GET
preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4"
tcp_connect:
prober: tcp
timeout: 2s
EOF
2.4.3 准备dp资源清单
cat >dp.yaml <<'EOF'
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
metadata:
name: blackbox-exporter
namespace: kube-system
labels:
app: blackbox-exporter
annotations:
deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: 1
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: blackbox-exporter
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: blackbox-exporter
spec:
volumes:
- name: config
configMap:
name: blackbox-exporter
defaultMode: 420
containers:
- name: blackbox-exporter
image: harbor.zq.com/public/blackbox-exporter:v0.15.1
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
args:
- --config.file=/etc/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml
- --log.level=info
- --web.listen-address=:9115
ports:
- name: blackbox-port
containerPort: 9115
protocol: TCP
resources:
limits:
cpu: 200m
memory: 256Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 50Mi
volumeMounts:
- name: config
mountPath: /etc/blackbox_exporter
readinessProbe:
tcpSocket:
port: 9115
initialDelaySeconds: 5
timeoutSeconds: 5
periodSeconds: 10
successThreshold: 1
failureThreshold: 3
EOF
2.4.4 准备svc资源清单
cat >svc.yaml <<'EOF'
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: blackbox-exporter
namespace: kube-system
spec:
selector:
app: blackbox-exporter
ports:
- name: blackbox-port
protocol: TCP
port: 9115
EOF
2.4.5 准备ingress资源清单
cat >ingress.yaml <<'EOF'
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: blackbox-exporter
namespace: kube-system
spec:
rules:
- host: blackbox.zq.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: blackbox-exporter
servicePort: blackbox-port
EOF
2.4.6 添加域名解析
这里用到了一个域名，添加解析
vi /var/named/zq.com.zone
blackbox A 10.4.7.10
systemctl restart named
2.4.7 应用资源配置清单
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/blackbox-exporter/cm.yaml
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/blackbox-exporter/dp.yaml
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/blackbox-exporter/svc.yaml
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/blackbox-exporter/ingress.yaml
2.4.8 访问域名测试
访问http://blackbox.zq.com，显示如下界面,表示blackbox已经运行成
3 部署prometheus server
3.1 准备prometheus server环境
3.1.1 准备docker镜像
docker pull prom/prometheus:v2.14.0
docker tag 7317640d555e harbor.zq.com/infra/prometheus:v2.14.0
docker push harbor.zq.com/infra/prometheus:v2.14.0
准备目录
mkdir /data/k8s-yaml/prometheus-server
cd /data/k8s-yaml/prometheus-server
3.1.2 准备rbac资源清单
cat >rbac.yaml <<'EOF'
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
name: prometheus
namespace: infra
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
labels:
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
name: prometheus
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
- nodes/metrics
- services
- endpoints
- pods
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- configmaps
verbs:
- get
- nonResourceURLs:
- /metrics
verbs:
- get
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
labels:
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
name: prometheus
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: prometheus
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: prometheus
namespace: infra
EOF
3.1.3 准备dp资源清单
加上
--web.enable-lifecycle启用远程热加载配置文件,配置文件改变后不用重启prometheus
调用指令是curl -X POST http://localhost:9090/-/reloadstorage.tsdb.min-block-duration=10m只加载10分钟数据到内storage.tsdb.retention=72h保留72小时数据
cat >dp.yaml <<'EOF'
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
annotations:
deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: "5"
labels:
name: prometheus
name: prometheus
namespace: infra
spec:
progressDeadlineSeconds: 600
replicas: 1
revisionHistoryLimit: 7
selector:
matchLabels:
app: prometheus
strategy:
rollingUpdate:
maxSurge: 1
maxUnavailable: 1
type: RollingUpdate
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: prometheus
spec:
nodeName: 192.168.0.107
containers:
- name: prometheus
image: harbor.zq.com/infra/prometheus:v2.14.0
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
command:
- /bin/prometheus
args:
- --config.file=/data/etc/prometheus.yml
- --storage.tsdb.path=/data/prom-db
- --storage.tsdb.min-block-duration=10m
- --storage.tsdb.retention=72h
- --web.enable-lifecycle
ports:
- containerPort: 9090
protocol: TCP
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /data
name: data
resources:
requests:
cpu: "1000m"
memory: "1.5Gi"
limits:
cpu: "2000m"
memory: "3Gi"
imagePullSecrets:
- name: harbor
securityContext:
runAsUser: 0
serviceAccountName: prometheus
volumes:
- name: data
nfs:
server: hdss7-200
path: /data/nfs-volume/prometheus
EOF
3.1.4 准备svc资源清单
cat >svc.yaml <<'EOF'
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: prometheus
namespace: infra
spec:
ports:
- port: 9090
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 9090
selector:
app: prometheus
EOF
3.1.5 准备ingress资源清单
cat >ingress.yaml <<'EOF'
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
annotations:
kubernetes.io/ingress.class: traefik
name: prometheus
namespace: infra
spec:
rules:
- host: prometheus.zq.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: prometheus
servicePort: 9090
EOF
3.1.6 添加域名解析
这里用到一个域名prometheus.zq.com，添加解析：
vi /var/named/od.com.zone
prometheus A 10.4.7.10
systemctl restart named
3.2 部署prometheus server
3.2.1 准备目录和证书
mkdir -p /data/nfs-volume/prometheus/etc
mkdir -p /data/nfs-volume/prometheus/prom-db
cd /data/nfs-volume/prometheus/etc/
# 拷贝配置文件中用到的证书：
cp /opt/certs/ca.pem ./
cp /opt/certs/client.pem ./
cp /opt/certs/client-key.pem ./
3.2.2 创建prometheus配置文件
配置文件说明:
此配置为通用配置,除第一个jobetcd是做的静态配置外,其他8个job都是做的自动发现
因此只需要修改etcd的配置后,就可以直接用于生产环境
cat >/data/nfs-volume/prometheus/etc/prometheus.yml <<'EOF'
global:
scrape_interval: 15s
evaluation_interval: 15s
scrape_configs:
- job_name: 'etcd'
tls_config:
ca_file: /data/etc/ca.pem
cert_file: /data/etc/client.pem
key_file: /data/etc/client-key.pem
scheme: https
static_configs:
- targets:
- '10.4.7.12:2379'
- '10.4.7.21:2379'
- '10.4.7.22:2379'
- job_name: 'kubernetes-apiservers'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: endpoints
scheme: https
tls_config:
ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
action: keep
regex: default;kubernetes;https
- job_name: 'kubernetes-pods'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: pod
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
action: keep
regex: true
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
action: replace
target_label: __metrics_path__
regex: (.+)
- source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
action: replace
regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
replacement: $1:$2
target_label: __address__
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
- job_name: 'kubernetes-kubelet'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: node
relabel_configs:
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
regex: (.+)
target_label: __address__
replacement: ${1}:10255
- job_name: 'kubernetes-cadvisor'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: node
relabel_configs:
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
regex: (.+)
target_label: __address__
replacement: ${1}:4194
- job_name: 'kubernetes-kube-state'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: pod
relabel_configs:
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_label_grafanak8sapp]
regex: .*true.*
action: keep
- source_labels: ['__meta_kubernetes_pod_label_daemon', '__meta_kubernetes_pod_node_name']
regex: 'node-exporter;(.*)'
action: replace
target_label: nodename
- job_name: 'blackbox_http_pod_probe'
metrics_path: /probe
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: pod
params:
module: [http_2xx]
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_blackbox_scheme]
action: keep
regex: http
- source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_blackbox_port, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_blackbox_path]
action: replace
regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+);(.+)
replacement: $1:$2$3
target_label: __param_target
- action: replace
target_label: __address__
replacement: blackbox-exporter.kube-system:9115
- source_labels: [__param_target]
target_label: instance
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
- job_name: 'blackbox_tcp_pod_probe'
metrics_path: /probe
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: pod
params:
module: [tcp_connect]
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_blackbox_scheme]
action: keep
regex: tcp
- source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_blackbox_port]
action: replace
regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
replacement: $1:$2
target_label: __param_target
- action: replace
target_label: __address__
replacement: blackbox-exporter.kube-system:9115
- source_labels: [__param_target]
target_label: instance
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
- job_name: 'traefik'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: pod
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
action: keep
regex: traefik
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
action: replace
target_label: __metrics_path__
regex: (.+)
- source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
action: replace
regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
replacement: $1:$2
target_label: __address__
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
EOF
3.2.3 应用资源配置清单
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/prometheus-server/rbac.yaml
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/prometheus-server/dp.yaml
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/prometheus-server/svc.yaml
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/prometheus-server/ingress.yaml
3.2.4 浏览器验证
访问http://prometheus.zq.com,如果能成功访问的话,表示启动成功
点击status->configuration就是我们的配置文件
4 使服务能被prometheus自动监控
点击status->targets，展示的就是我们在prometheus.yml中配置的job-name，这些targets基本可以满足我们收集数据的需求。
5个编号的job-name已经被发现并获取数据
接下来就需要将剩下的4个ob-name对应的服务纳入监控
纳入监控的方式是给需要收集数据的服务添加annotations
4.1 让traefik能被自动监控
4.1.1 修改traefik的yaml
修改fraefik的yaml文件,跟labels同级,添加annotations配置
vim /data/k8s-yaml/traefik/ds.yaml
........
spec:
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: traefik-ingress
name: traefik-ingress
#--------增加内容--------
annotations:
prometheus_io_scheme: "traefik"
prometheus_io_path: "/metrics"
prometheus_io_port: "8080"
#--------增加结束--------
spec:
serviceAccountName: traefik-ingress-controller
........
任意节点重新应用配置
kubectl delete -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/traefik/ds.yaml
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/traefik/ds.yaml
4.1.2 应用配置查看
等待pod重启以后，再在prometheus上查看traefik是否能正常获取数据了
4.2 用blackbox检测TCP/HTTP服务状态
blackbox是检测容器内服务存活性的，也就是端口健康状态检查，分为tcp和http两种方法
能用http的情况尽量用http,没有提供http接口的服务才用tcp
4.2.1 被检测服务准备
使用测试环境的dubbo服务来做演示,其他环境类似
- dashboard中开启apollo-portal和test空间中的apollo
- dubbo-demo-service使用tcp的annotation
- dubbo-demo-consumer使用HTTP的annotation
4.2.2 添加tcp的annotation
等两个服务起来以后，首先在dubbo-demo-service资源中添加一个TCP的annotation
vim /data/k8s-yaml/test/dubbo-demo-server/dp.yaml
......
spec:
......
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: dubbo-demo-service
name: dubbo-demo-service
#--------增加内容--------
annotations:
blackbox_port: "20880"
blackbox_scheme: "tcp"
#--------增加结束--------
spec:
containers:
image: harbor.zq.com/app/dubbo-demo-service:apollo_200512_0746
任意节点重新应用配置
kubectl delete -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/test/dubbo-demo-server/dp.yaml
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/test/dubbo-demo-server/dp.yaml
浏览器中查看http://blackbox.zq.com/和http://prometheus.zq.com/targets
我们运行的dubbo-demo-server服务,tcp端口20880已经被发现并在监控中
4.2.3 添加http的annotation
接下来在dubbo-demo-consumer资源中添加一个HTTP的annotation：
vim /data/k8s-yaml/test/dubbo-demo-consumer/dp.yaml
spec:
......
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: dubbo-demo-consumer
name: dubbo-demo-consumer
#--------增加内容--------
annotations:
blackbox_path: "/hello?name=health"
blackbox_port: "8080"
blackbox_scheme: "http"
#--------增加结束--------
spec:
containers:
- name: dubbo-demo-consumer
......
任意节点重新应用配置
kubectl delete -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/test/dubbo-demo-consumer/dp.yaml
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/test/dubbo-demo-consumer/dp.yaml
4.3 添加监控jvm信息
dubbo-demo-service和dubbo-demo-consumer都添加下列annotation注解,以便监控pod中的jvm信息
vim /data/k8s-yaml/test/dubbo-demo-server/dp.yaml
vim /data/k8s-yaml/test/dubbo-demo-consumer/dp.yaml
annotations:
#....已有略....
prometheus_io_scrape: "true"
prometheus_io_port: "12346"
prometheus_io_path: "/"
12346是dubbo的POD启动命令中使用jmx_javaagent用到的端口,因此可以用来收集jvm信息
任意节点重新应用配置
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/test/dubbo-demo-server/dp.yaml
kubectl apply -f http://k8s-yaml.zq.com/test/dubbo-demo-consumer/dp.yaml
至此,所有9个服务,都获取了数据
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