Kubernetes(k8s)安装Helm
1.安装Helm，并查看版本，参考官方地址：https://helm.sh/docs/intro/install/# curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/helm/helm/master/scripts/get-helm-3 | bash% Total% Received % XferdAverage SpeedTime...
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Helm 3的内部实现已从Helm 2发生了很大变化。最明显的变化是Tiller的删。除添加了一组丰富的新功能。某些功能已被弃用或重构，使其与Helm 2不兼容。还引入了一些新的实验功能，包括OCI支持。
1.安装Helm，并查看版本，参考官方地址：https://helm.sh/docs/intro/install/
# curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/helm/helm/master/scripts/get-helm-3 | bash
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 6794 100 6794 0 0 2844 0 0:00:02 0:00:02 --:--:-- 2843
Downloading https://get.helm.sh/helm-v3.1.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
Preparing to install helm into /usr/local/bin
helm installed into /usr/local/bin/helm
# helm version
version.BuildInfo{Version:"v3.1.0", GitCommit:"b29d20baf09943e134c2fa5e1e1cab3bf93315fa", GitTreeState:"clean", GoVersion:"go1.13.7"}
2.添加chart（图表）官方仓库
# helm repo add stable https://kubernetes-charts.storage.googleapis.com/
"stable" has been added to your repositories
# helm repo list
NAME URL
stable https://kubernetes-charts.storage.googleapis.com/
# helm repo update
Hang tight while we grab the latest from your chart repositories...
...Unable to get an update from the "stable" chart repository (https://kubernetes-charts.storage.googleapis.com/):
read tcp 172.25.0.10:40168->34.64.4.112:443: read: connection reset by peer
Update Complete. ⎈ Happy Helming!⎈
3.搜素mysql图表
# helm search repo mysql
NAME CHART VERSION APP VERSION DESCRIPTION
stable/mysql 1.6.2 5.7.28 Fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to use open-...
stable/mysqldump 2.6.0 2.4.1 A Helm chart to help backup MySQL databases usi...
stable/prometheus-mysql-exporter 0.5.2 v0.11.0 A Helm chart for prometheus mysql exporter with...
stable/percona 1.2.0 5.7.17 free, fully compatible, enhanced, open source d...
stable/percona-xtradb-cluster 1.0.3 5.7.19 free, fully compatible, enhanced, open source d...
stable/phpmyadmin 4.3.0 5.0.1 phpMyAdmin is an mysql administration frontend
stable/gcloud-sqlproxy 0.6.1 1.11 DEPRECATED Google Cloud SQL Proxy
stable/mariadb 7.3.10 10.3.22 Fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to use open-...
4.查看mysql信息图表
# helm show chart stable/mysql
apiVersion: v1
appVersion: 5.7.28
description: Fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to use open-source relational database
system.
home: https://www.mysql.com/
icon: https://www.mysql.com/common/logos/logo-mysql-170x115.png
keywords:
- mysql
- database
- sql
maintainers:
- email: o.with@sportradar.com
name: olemarkus
- email: viglesias@google.com
name: viglesiasce
name: mysql
sources:
- https://github.com/kubernetes/charts
- https://github.com/docker-library/mysql
version: 1.6.2
5.自定义mysql图表安装
# helm show values stable/mysql
## mysql image version
## ref: https://hub.docker.com/r/library/mysql/tags/
##
image: "mysql"
imageTag: "5.7.28"
strategy:
type: Recreate
busybox:
image: "busybox"
tag: "1.29.3"
testFramework:
enabled: true
image: "dduportal/bats"
tag: "0.4.0"
## Specify password for root user
##
## Default: random 10 character string
# mysqlRootPassword: testing
## Create a database user
##
# mysqlUser:
## Default: random 10 character string
# mysqlPassword:
## Allow unauthenticated access, uncomment to enable
##
# mysqlAllowEmptyPassword: true
## Create a database
##
# mysqlDatabase:
## Specify an imagePullPolicy (Required)
## It's recommended to change this to 'Always' if the image tag is 'latest'
## ref: http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/images/#updating-images
##
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
......# helm install stable/mysql --set mysqlUser="user",mysqlPassword="abc123" --generate-name
NAME: mysql-1583334217
LAST DEPLOYED: Wed Mar 4 23:03:40 2020
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
NOTES:
MySQL can be accessed via port 3306 on the following DNS name from within your cluster:
mysql-1583334217.default.svc.cluster.local
To get your root password run:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret --namespace default mysql-1583334217 -o jsonpath="{.data.mysql-root-password}" | base64 --decode; echo)
To connect to your database:
1. Run an Ubuntu pod that you can use as a client:
kubectl run -i --tty ubuntu --image=ubuntu:16.04 --restart=Never -- bash -il
2. Install the mysql client:
$ apt-get update && apt-get install mysql-client -y
3. Connect using the mysql cli, then provide your password:
$ mysql -h mysql-1583334217 -p
To connect to your database directly from outside the K8s cluster:
MYSQL_HOST=127.0.0.1
MYSQL_PORT=3306
# Execute the following command to route the connection:
kubectl port-forward svc/mysql-1583334217 3306
mysql -h ${MYSQL_HOST} -P${MYSQL_PORT} -u root -p${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}
#以下是查看版本列表
# helm list
NAME NAMESPACE REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION
mysql-1583334217 default 1 2020-03-04 23:03:40.632512413 +0800 CST deployed mysql-1.6.2 5.7.28
#以下是查看pod
# # kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
mysql-1583334217-784c78fdd5-mrcg4 0/1 Pending 0 2m28s
#以下是Pending（等待）状态，因为还没有准备PersistentVolume,所以release不可用
# kubectl get pvc
NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE
mysql-1583334217 Pending 3m29s
6.创建一个PersistentVolume，如果不会安装nfs可以参考：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41709494/article/details/104360014
# mkdir /nfsdata/mysql-pv
# vi nfs-pv-mysql.yml
kind: PersistentVolume
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: nfs-pv-mysql
spec:
capacity:
storage: 8Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain
nfs:
path: /nfsdata/mysql-pv
server: 172.25.0.10
# kubectl apply -f nfs-pv-mysql.yml
persistentvolume/nfs-pv-mysql created
#以下是查看pv
# kubectl get pv
NAME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES RECLAIM POLICY STATUS CLAIM STORAGECLASS REASON AGE
nfs-pv-mysql 8Gi RWO Retain Bound default/mysql-1583334217 94s
#以下是查看pod,但是状态为ErrImagePull
# kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
mysql-1583334217-784c78fdd5-mrcg4 0/1 ErrImagePull 0 20h
#以下是查看pod详细的信息，发现了pull（拉取）不了image（镜像）
# kubectl describe pod mysql-1583334217-784c78fdd5-mrcg4
Name: mysql-1583334217-784c78fdd5-mrcg4
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Node: computer/172.25.0.20
Start Time: Wed, 04 Mar 2020 23:11:01 +0800
Labels: app=mysql-1583334217
pod-template-hash=784c78fdd5
release=mysql-1583334217
Annotations: <none>
Status: Pending
IP: 10.244.1.143
IPs:
IP: 10.244.1.143
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/mysql-1583334217-784c78fdd5
Init Containers:
remove-lost-found:
Container ID: docker://8558c2710f706689f3ae8c54ea5b5069b5aac6132dd5730c7e6758696ca945c3
Image: busybox:1.29.3
Image ID: docker-pullable://busybox@sha256:8ccbac733d19c0dd4d70b4f0c1e12245b5fa3ad24758a11035ee505c629c0796
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
Command:
rm
-fr
/var/lib/mysql/lost+found
State: Terminated
Reason: Completed
Exit Code: 0
Started: Wed, 04 Mar 2020 23:11:10 +0800
Finished: Wed, 04 Mar 2020 23:11:10 +0800
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Requests:
cpu: 10m
memory: 10Mi
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/lib/mysql from data (rw)
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-gnkdd (ro)
Containers:
mysql-1583334217:
Container ID:
Image: mysql:5.7.28
Image ID:
Port: 3306/TCP
Host Port: 0/TCP
State: Waiting
Reason: ErrImagePull
Ready: False
Restart Count: 0
Requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 256Mi
Liveness: exec [sh -c mysqladmin ping -u root -p${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}] delay=30s timeout=5s period=10s #success=1 #failure=3
Readiness: exec [sh -c mysqladmin ping -u root -p${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}] delay=5s timeout=1s period=10s #success=1 #failure=3
Environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: <set to the key 'mysql-root-password' in secret 'mysql-1583334217'> Optional: false
MYSQL_PASSWORD: <set to the key 'mysql-password' in secret 'mysql-1583334217'> Optional: false
MYSQL_USER: user
MYSQL_DATABASE:
Mounts:
/var/lib/mysql from data (rw)
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-gnkdd (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready False
ContainersReady False
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
data:
Type: PersistentVolumeClaim (a reference to a PersistentVolumeClaim in the same namespace)
ClaimName: mysql-1583334217
ReadOnly: false
default-token-gnkdd:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-gnkdd
Optional: false
QoS Class: Burstable
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal BackOff 19h (x108 over 20h) kubelet, computer Back-off pulling image "mysql:5.7.28"
Warning Failed 19h (x123 over 20h) kubelet, computer Error: ImagePullBackOff
Warning Failed 26m (x11 over 20h) kubelet, computer Failed to pull image "mysql:5.7.28": rpc error: code = Unknown desc = context canceled
Warning Failed 26m (x11 over 20h) kubelet, computer Error: ErrImagePull
7.自定values.yaml
# vi values.yaml
imageTag: "5.7.15"
mysqlUser: user
mysqlPassword: abc123
8.部署mysql图表
#以下是删除之前安装的mysql图表和pv
# helm uninstall mysql-1583334217
# kubectl delete pv nfs-pv-mysql
#以下是部署pv
# kubectl apply -f nfs-pv-mysql.yml
persistentvolume/nfs-pv-mysql unchanged
#以下是安装mysql图表
# helm install -f values.yaml my-db stable/mysql
NAME: my-db
LAST DEPLOYED: Sat Mar 7 00:12:46 2020
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
NOTES:
MySQL can be accessed via port 3306 on the following DNS name from within your cluster:
my-db-mysql.default.svc.cluster.local
To get your root password run:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret --namespace default my-db-mysql -o jsonpath="{.data.mysql-root-password}" | base64 --decode; echo)
To connect to your database:
1. Run an Ubuntu pod that you can use as a client:
kubectl run -i --tty ubuntu --image=ubuntu:16.04 --restart=Never -- bash -il
2. Install the mysql client:
$ apt-get update && apt-get install mysql-client -y
3. Connect using the mysql cli, then provide your password:
$ mysql -h my-db-mysql -p
To connect to your database directly from outside the K8s cluster:
MYSQL_HOST=127.0.0.1
MYSQL_PORT=3306
# Execute the following command to route the connection:
kubectl port-forward svc/my-db-mysql 3306
mysql -h ${MYSQL_HOST} -P${MYSQL_PORT} -u root -p${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}
#以下是查看pod是否运行
# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
my-db-mysql-758d8c5544-86bn7 1/1 Running 0 12h 10.244.1.145 computer <none> <none>
#以下是查看新设置是否生效
# helm get values my-db
USER-SUPPLIED VALUES:
imageTag: 5.7.15
mysqlPassword: abc123
mysqlUser: user
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