手把手教你Linux 如何配置DNS

Linux 配置DNS一、正向解析与反向解析实现通过DNS配置可以访问正反向解析百度和贴吧以及文库和知道IP地址和域名正向解析主机名正向解析IP地址mtcA192.168.31.133wwwA...

呵呵哒(￣▽￣)"

3781人浏览 · 2019-12-26 17:14:22

呵呵哒(￣▽￣)" · 2019-12-26 17:14:22 发布

Linux 配置DNS

一、正向解析与反向解析

实现通过DNS配置可以访问正反向解析百度和贴吧以及文库和知道IP地址和域名

正向解析

主机名	正向解析	IP地址
mtc	A	192.168.31.133
www	A	138.220.21.11
zhidao	A	138.220.21.22
tieba	A	138.220.21.33
wenku	A	138.220.21.44

反向解析

	反向解析	二级的域
@	NS	mtc.centos-dns.cc.
11	PTR	www.centos-dns.cc.
22	PTR	zhidao.centos-dns.cc.
33	PTR	tieba.centos-dns.cc.
44	PTR	wenku.centos-dns.cc.

二、Linux操纵

1.查看本机的IP地址为192.168.31.133

2.永久地修改主机名字

hostnamectl set-hostname mtc;

3.查看bind

yum list | grep bind;

4.安装DNS服务器

DNS服务安装软件名字为bind，还有其他相关的软件包，安装DNS服务跟安装samba、dhcp服务步骤相同，首先检查系统中是否已安装bind包

yum -y install bind;

5.修改 /etc/named.conf文件中listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; }为listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1;any;}

修改 allow-query { localhost; }为allow-query { localhost;any; }

代码为：

sed -i 's/listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };/listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1;any;};/' /etc/named.conf;

cd /etc

cat named.rfc1912.zones

6.添加正向的域和反向的域

echo '''

//正向的域

zone "centos-dns.cc" IN {

type master;

file "centos-dns.cc.zone";

allow-update { none; };

};

//反向的域:注意IP地址反过来写，最后一位不固定

zone "21.220.138.in-addr.arpa" IN {

type master;

file "138.220.21.zone";

allow-update { none; };

};

''' >>/etc/named.rfc1912.zones;

7.查看添加后的文件的内容

cat named.rfc1912.zones

8.在/var/named/下创建centos-dns.cc.zone

9.在var/named下创建138.220.21.zone

echo '''

$TTL 1D

@ IN SOA centos-dns.cc. rname.invalid. (

0 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

@ NS mtc.centos-dns.cc.

11 PTR www.centos-dns.cc.

22 PTR zhidao.centos-dns.cc.

33 PTR tieba.centos-dns.cc.

44 PTR wenku.centos-dns.cc.

''' > /var/named/138.220.21.zone;

chgrp named /var/named/centos-dns.cc.zone;

chgrp named /var/named/138.220.21.zone;

named-checkconf /etc/named.conf;

cd /var/named/;

named-checkzone centos-dns.cc.zone centos-dns.cc.zone;

named-checkzone 138.220.21.zone 138.220.21.zone;

echo '''

nameserver 192.168.31.133

nameserver 8.8.8.8

'''>/etc/resolv.conf;

10.开启named

systemctl start named;

systemctl status named;

关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld.service;

firewall-cmd --state;

setenforce 0;

getenforce;

安装bind-utils

yum -y install bind-utils

三、验证正反向域名解析是否成功

nslookup wenku.centos-dns.cc;

nslookup 138.220.21.22;

host tieba.centos-dns.cc

nslookup 138.220.21.22;

host tieba.centos-dns.cc

host 138.220.21.33

dig @192.168.31.133 tieba.centos-dns.cc

dig -x 138.220.21.22 @192.168.31.133

完整的shell脚本

hostnamectl set-hostname mtc;

yum list | grep bind;

yum -y install bind;

rpm -q bind;



sed -i 's/listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };/listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1;any;};/'   /etc/named.conf;

sed -i 's/allow-query     { localhost; };/allow-query     { localhost;any; };/'   /etc/named.conf;





echo '''

//正向的域

zone "centos-dns.cc" IN {

         type master;

         file "centos-dns.cc.zone";

         allow-update { none; };

};





//反向的域:注意IP地址反过来写，最后一位不固定

zone "21.220.138.in-addr.arpa" IN {

         type master;

         file "138.220.21.zone";

         allow-update { none; };

};

''' >>/etc/named.rfc1912.zones;







echo '''

$TTL 1D

@       IN SOA  centos-dns.cc. rname.invalid. (

                                    0       ; serial

                                    1D      ; refresh

                                    1H      ; retry

                                    1W      ; expire

                                    3H )    ; minimum

@       NS      mtc.centos-dns.cc.

mtc     A       192.168.31.133

www     A       138.220.21.11

zhidao  A       138.220.21.22

tieba   A       138.220.21.33

wenku   A       138.220.21.44

''' > /var/named/centos-dns.cc.zone;







echo '''

$TTL 1D

@       IN SOA  centos-dns.cc. rname.invalid. (

                                        0       ; serial

                                        1D      ; refresh

                                        1H      ; retry

                                        1W      ; expire

                                        3H )    ; minimum

@         NS      mtc.centos-dns.cc.

11        PTR     www.centos-dns.cc.

22        PTR     zhidao.centos-dns.cc.

33        PTR     tieba.centos-dns.cc.

44        PTR     wenku.centos-dns.cc.



''' > /var/named/138.220.21.zone;





chgrp named  /var/named/centos-dns.cc.zone;

chgrp named  /var/named/138.220.21.zone;





named-checkconf /etc/named.conf;

cd /var/named/;

named-checkzone centos-dns.cc.zone  centos-dns.cc.zone;

named-checkzone 138.220.21.zone     138.220.21.zone;



echo '''

nameserver 192.168.31.133

nameserver 8.8.8.8

'''>/etc/resolv.conf;



systemctl start named;

systemctl status named;



systemctl stop firewalld.service;

firewall-cmd --state;

setenforce 0;

getenforce;







yum -y install bind-utils



nslookup wenku.centos-dns.cc;

nslookup 138.220.21.22;



host  tieba.centos-dns.cc

host 138.220.21.33





dig @192.168.31.133 tieba.centos-dns.cc

dig -x 138.220.21.22 @192.168.31.133

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