linux 内核与用户空间通信之netlink使用方法
关于Netlink IPC方式的介绍,请参见http://blog.chinaunix.net/space.php?uid=14753126&do=blog&id=2978566本文通过一个编程实例来更深入地了解netlink。功能描述:1. 本实例包含2个部分:内核模块和用户程序2.用户程序通过netlink socket建立与kernel module连接,并向kernel m
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关于Netlink IPC方式的介绍,请参见http://blog.chinaunix.net/space.php?uid=14753126&do=blog&id=2978566
本文通过一个编程实例来更深入地了解netlink。
功能描述:
1. 本实例包含2个部分:内核模块和用户程序
2.用户程序通过netlink socket建立与kernel module连接,并向kernel module发送一条信息。
3.内核在接收到用户的信息后,向用户程序发送一条确认信息。
说明:对于不知如何编译内核模块以及用户程序的童鞋请google
内核模块代码(test_netlink_kmodule.c):
用户空间程序代码:user_sent.c
运行用户程序,输出结果如下:
本文通过一个编程实例来更深入地了解netlink。
功能描述:
1. 本实例包含2个部分:内核模块和用户程序
2.用户程序通过netlink socket建立与kernel module连接,并向kernel module发送一条信息。
3.内核在接收到用户的信息后,向用户程序发送一条确认信息。
说明:对于不知如何编译内核模块以及用户程序的童鞋请google
内核模块代码(test_netlink_kmodule.c):
- #include <linux/kernel.h>
- #include <linux/module.h>
- #include <linux/types.h>
- #include <linux/sched.h>
- #include <net/sock.h>
- #include <linux/netlink.h>
-
- #define NETLINK_TEST 17
- struct {
- __u32 pid;
- }user_process;
-
- static struct sock *netlinkfd = NULL;
-
- int send_to_user(char *info) //发送到用户空间
- {
- int size;
- struct sk_buff *skb;
- unsigned char *old_tail;
- struct nlmsghdr *nlh; //报文头
-
- int retval;
-
- size = NLMSG_SPACE(strlen(info)); //报文大小
- skb = alloc_skb(size, GFP_ATOMIC); //分配一个新的套接字缓存,使用GFP_ATOMIC标志进程不>会被置为睡眠
-
- //初始化一个netlink消息首部
- nlh = nlmsg_put(skb, 0, 0, 0, NLMSG_SPACE(strlen(info))-sizeof(struct nlmsghdr), 0);
- old_tail = skb->tail;
- memcpy(NLMSG_DATA(nlh), info, strlen(info)); //填充数据区
- nlh->nlmsg_len = skb->tail - old_tail; //设置消息长度
-
- //设置控制字段
- NETLINK_CB(skb).pid = 0;
- NETLINK_CB(skb).dst_group = 0;
-
- printk(KERN_DEBUG "[kernel space] skb->data:%s\n", (char *)NLMSG_DATA((struct nlmsghdr *)skb->data));
-
- //发送数据
- retval = netlink_unicast(netlinkfd, skb, user_process.pid, MSG_DONTWAIT);
- printk(KERN_DEBUG "[kernel space] netlink_unicast return: %d\n", retval);
- return 0;
- }
-
- void kernel_receive(struct sk_buff *__skb) //内核从用户空间接收数据
- {
- struct sk_buff *skb;
- struct nlmsghdr *nlh = NULL;
-
- char *data = "This is eric's test message from kernel";
-
- printk(KERN_DEBUG "[kernel space] begin kernel_receive\n");
- skb = skb_get(__skb);
-
- if(skb->len >= sizeof(struct nlmsghdr)){
- nlh = (struct nlmsghdr *)skb->data;
- if((nlh->nlmsg_len >= sizeof(struct nlmsghdr))
- && (__skb->len >= nlh->nlmsg_len)){
- user_process.pid = nlh->nlmsg_pid;
- printk(KERN_DEBUG "[kernel space] data receive from user are:%s\n", (char *)NLMSG_DATA(nlh));
- printk(KERN_DEBUG "[kernel space] user_pid:%d\n", user_process.pid);
- send_to_user(data);
- }
- }else{
- printk(KERN_DEBUG "[kernel space] data receive from user are:%s\n",(char *)NLMSG_DATA(nlmsg_hdr(__skb)));
- send_to_user(data);
- }
-
- kfree_skb(skb);
- }
-
- int __init test_netlink_init(void)
- {
-
- netlinkfd = netlink_kernel_create(&init_net, NETLINK_TEST, 0, kernel_receive, NULL, THIS_MODULE);
- if(!netlinkfd){
- printk(KERN_ERR "can not create a netlink socket\n");
- return -1;
- }
- return 0;
- }
-
- void __exit test_netlink_exit(void)
- {
- sock_release(netlinkfd->sk_socket);
- printk(KERN_DEBUG "test_netlink_exit!!\n");
- }
-
- module_init(test_netlink_init);
- module_exit(test_netlink_exit);
- MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
- MODULE_AUTHOR("eric.hu");
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <sys/socket.h>
- #include <string.h>
- #include <linux/netlink.h>
-
- #define NETLINK_TEST 17
- #define MSG_LEN 100
-
- struct msg_to_kernel
- {
- struct nlmsghdr hdr;
- char data[MSG_LEN];
- };
- struct u_packet_info
- {
- struct nlmsghdr hdr;
- char msg[MSG_LEN];
- };
-
- int main(int argc, char* argv[])
- {
- char *data = "This message is from eric's space";
- //初始化
- struct sockaddr_nl local;
- struct sockaddr_nl kpeer;
- int skfd, ret, kpeerlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_nl);
- struct nlmsghdr *message;
- struct u_packet_info info;
- char *retval;
- message = (struct nlmsghdr *)malloc(1);
-
- skfd = socket(PF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_TEST);
- if(skfd < 0){
- printf("can not create a netlink socket\n");
- return -1;
- }
- memset(&local, 0, sizeof(local));
- local.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
- local.nl_pid = getpid();
- local.nl_groups = 0;
- if(bind(skfd, (struct sockaddr *)&local, sizeof(local)) != 0){
- printf("bind() error\n");
- return -1;
- }
- memset(&kpeer, 0, sizeof(kpeer));
- kpeer.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
- kpeer.nl_pid = 0;
- kpeer.nl_groups = 0;
-
- memset(message, '\0', sizeof(struct nlmsghdr));
- message->nlmsg_len = NLMSG_SPACE(strlen(data));
- message->nlmsg_flags = 0;
- message->nlmsg_type = 0;
- message->nlmsg_seq = 0;
- message->nlmsg_pid = local.nl_pid;
-
- retval = memcpy(NLMSG_DATA(message), data, strlen(data));
-
- printf("message sendto kernel are:%s, len:%d\n", (char *)NLMSG_DATA(message), message->nlmsg_len);
- ret = sendto(skfd, message, message->nlmsg_len, 0,(struct sockaddr *)&kpeer, sizeof(kpeer));
- if(!ret){
- perror("send pid:");
- exit(-1);
- }
-
- //接受内核态确认信息
- ret = recvfrom(skfd, &info, sizeof(struct u_packet_info),0, (struct sockaddr*)&kpeer, &kpeerlen);
- if(!ret){
- perror("recv form kerner:");
- exit(-1);
- }
-
- printf("message receive from kernel:%s\n",(char *)info.msg);
- //内核和用户进行通信
-
- close(skfd);
- return 0;
- }
- [root@FriendlyARM netlink]# ./user_sent
- message sendto kernel are:This message is from eric's space, len:52
- message receive from kernel:This is eric's test message from kernel
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