kubernetes搭建 九、kubectl基本命令使用
1、kubectl run创建deployment[root@k8s-master-101 ~]# kubectl run nginx --replicas=3 --labels="app=nginx-example" --image=nginx:1.10 --port=80deployment.apps/nginx created2、kubectl get all查看所有信息[...
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1、kubectl run创建deployment
[root@k8s-master-101 ~]# kubectl run nginx --replicas=3 --labels="app=nginx-example" --image=nginx:1.10 --port=80
deployment.apps/nginx created
2、kubectl get all查看所有信息
[root@k8s-master-101 ~]# kubectl get all
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/nginx-6d74bfcd4d-6sdbq 1/1 Running 0 36s
pod/nginx-6d74bfcd4d-dkzp5 1/1 Running 0 36s
pod/nginx-6d74bfcd4d-rmgxz 1/1 Running 0 36s
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.10.10.1 <none> 443/TCP 19d
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
deployment.apps/nginx 3 3 3 3 36s
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
replicaset.apps/nginx-6d74bfcd4d 3 3 3 36s
3、kubectl describe查看指定pod信息
[root@k8s-master-101 ~]# kubectl describe pod nginx-6d74bfcd4d-6sdbq
#kubectl get pod -o wide 查看pods具体情况，对应的地址
[root@k8s-master-101 ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE
nginx-6d74bfcd4d-6sdbq 1/1 Running 0 7m59s 172.17.50.2 10.0.0.102 <none>
nginx-6d74bfcd4d-dkzp5 1/1 Running 0 7m59s 172.17.71.5 10.0.0.103 <none>
nginx-6d74bfcd4d-rmgxz 1/1 Running 0 7m59s 172.17.71.6 10.0.0.103 <none>
4、创建时传入命令
[root@k8s-master-101 ~]# kubectl run busybox --image=busybox --command -- ping www.baidu.com
5、kubectl get pods --show-labels 查看标签
如果不指定镜像标签的话，默认会创建一个随机的标签，末尾为run=<Controller_Name>
[root@k8s-master-101 ~]# kubectl get pods --show-labels
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE LABELS
busybox-5fb9cd66d6-flf6r 1/1 Running 0 5m47s pod-template-hash=5fb9cd66d6,run=busybox
nginx-6d74bfcd4d-6sdbq 1/1 Running 0 15m app=nginx-example,pod-template-hash=6d74bfcd4d
nginx-6d74bfcd4d-dkzp5 1/1 Running 0 15m app=nginx-example,pod-template-hash=6d74bfcd4d
nginx-6d74bfcd4d-rmgxz 1/1 Running 0 15m app=nginx-example,pod-template-hash=6d74bfcd4d
6、创建service，指定端口发布,deployment nginx 指定匹配的deployment的名称为nginx
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=88 --type=NodePort --target-port=80 --name=nginx-service
7、kubectl get svc 查询service
[root@k8s-master-101 ~]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.10.10.1 <none> 443/TCP 19d
nginx-service NodePort 10.10.10.252 <none> 88:44950/TCP 60s
8、内部访问，在node节点上 curl 10.10.10.252:88，访问这个地址会转发到容器的80端口
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# curl 10.10.10.252:88
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
9、查看转发规则
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# iptables-save | grep 88
-A KUBE-SERVICES -d 10.10.10.252/32 -p tcp -m comment --comment "default/nginx-service: cluster IP" -m tcp --dport 88 -j KUBE-SVC-GKN7Y2BSGW4NJTYL
10、kubectl exec -it xxx bash 分配伪终端进入pod
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl exec -it nginx-6d74bfcd4d-6sdbq bash
root@nginx-6d74bfcd4d-6sdbq:/#
11、重新发布一个镜像，更新项目，会把原本的删除然后替换
kubectl set image deployment/nginx nginx=nginx:1.11
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl set image deployment/nginx nginx=nginx:1.11
deployment.extensions/nginx image updated
#有一个正在创建，把原本的pod删除重建了
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
busybox-5fb9cd66d6-flf6r 1/1 Running 0 20m
nginx-6d74bfcd4d-6sdbq 1/1 Running 0 30m
nginx-6d74bfcd4d-dkzp5 1/1 Running 0 30m
nginx-744b88cdbf-cqpb7 1/1 Running 0 71s
nginx-744b88cdbf-v8qqf 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 12s
12、编辑资源配置文件
kubectl edit deploy/nginx
将nginx版本修改为1.12，修改后退出就会生效了
13、查看发布状态，K8S会对发布做版本记录
kubectl rollout status deploy/nginx
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl rollout status deploy/nginx
deployment "nginx" successfully rolled out
14、查看发布历史，之前没有使用–record 所以这里没显示消息只有数字标号
kubectl rollout history deploy/nginx
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl rollout history deploy/nginx
deployment.extensions/nginx
REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE
1 <none>
2 <none>
3 <none>
15、将版本升级到1.13并使用–record
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl set image deployment/nginx nginx=nginx:1.13 --record
deployment.extensions/nginx image updated
16、查看历史记录可以看到有record记录
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl rollout history deploy/nginx
deployment.extensions/nginx
REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE
1 <none>
2 <none>
3 <none>
4 kubectl set image deployment/nginx nginx=nginx:1.13 --record=true
17、版本回滚 kubectl rollout undo
kubectl rollout undo deployment/nginx 默认回滚到上一版本 加上–to-revision=3 可以指定回滚的版本
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl rollout undo deployment/nginx
deployment.extensions/nginx
#这里的5是原本的版本3，因为4回滚是3的版本
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl rollout history deploy/nginx
deployment.extensions/nginx
REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE
2 <none>
4 kubectl set image deployment/nginx nginx=nginx:1.13 --record=true
5 <none>
18、指定版本回滚
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl rollout undo deployment/nginx --to-revision=4
deployment.extensions/nginx
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl rollout history deploy/nginx
deployment.extensions/nginx
REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE
2 <none>
5 <none>
6 kubectl set image deployment/nginx nginx=nginx:1.13 --record=tru
19、资源扩容或减少，kubectl scale指定资源数量
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl scale deployment/nginx --replicas=5
deployment.extensions/nginx scaled
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
busybox-5fb9cd66d6-flf6r 1/1 Running 0 33m
nginx-58866f58cf-2hlns 1/1 Running 0 92s
nginx-58866f58cf-gnxtz 1/1 Running 0 86s
nginx-58866f58cf-pdhwd 1/1 Running 0 37s
nginx-58866f58cf-pkppn 1/1 Running 0 89s
nginx-58866f58cf-q9cmx 1/1 Running 0 37s
20、资源释放，删除deploy 再删除service，删除deploy后， rs和pod会自动释放
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl delete deploy/nginx
deployment.extensions "nginx" deleted
[root@k8s-node1-102 ~]# kubectl delete svc/nginx-service
service "nginx-service" deleted
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