MYSQL JSON 函数

MYSQLJSON函数json API

程小明的coding

8276人浏览 · 2022-07-01 10:53:38

程小明的coding · 2022-07-01 10:53:38 发布

Name	Description
`JSON_APPEND()`	Append data to JSON document
`JSON_ARRAY()`	Create JSON array
`JSON_ARRAY_APPEND()`	Append data to JSON document
`JSON_ARRAY_INSERT()`	Insert into JSON array
`->`	Return value from JSON column after evaluating path; equivalent to JSON_EXTRACT().
`JSON_CONTAINS()`	Whether JSON document contains specific object at path
`JSON_CONTAINS_PATH()`	Whether JSON document contains any data at path
`JSON_DEPTH()`	Maximum depth of JSON document
`JSON_EXTRACT()`	Return data from JSON document
`->>`	Return value from JSON column after evaluating path and unquoting the result; equivalent to JSON_UNQUOTE(JSON_EXTRACT()).
`JSON_INSERT()`	Insert data into JSON document
`JSON_KEYS()`	Array of keys from JSON document
`JSON_LENGTH()`	Number of elements in JSON document
`JSON_MERGE()`	Merge JSON documents
`JSON_OBJECT()`	Create JSON object
`JSON_QUOTE()`	Quote JSON document
`JSON_REMOVE()`	Remove data from JSON document
`JSON_REPLACE()`	Replace values in JSON document
`JSON_SEARCH()`	Path to value within JSON document
`JSON_SET()`	Insert data into JSON document
`JSON_TYPE()`	Type of JSON value
`JSON_UNQUOTE()`	Unquote JSON value
`JSON_VALID()`	Whether JSON value is valid

1. 概述

MySQL里的json分为json array和json object。 $表示整个 j s o n 对象，在索引数据时用 * * 下标 * * (对于 j s o n a r r a y ，从 0 开始) 或 * * 键值 * * (对于 j s o n o b j e c t ，含有特殊字符的 k e y 要用 " 括起来，比如$ .“my name”)。

例如：[3, {“a”: [5, 6], “b”: 10}, [99, 100]]，那么：

$[0]：3

$[1]： {“a”: [5, 6], “b”: 10}

$[2] ：[99, 100]

$[3] ： NULL

$[1].a：[5, 6]

$[1].a[1]：6

$[1].b：10

$[2][0]：99

2. 比较规则

json中的数据可以用 =, <, <=, >, >=, <>, !=, and <=> 进行比较。但json里的数据类型可以是多样的，那么在不同类型之间进行比较时，就有优先级了，高优先级的要大于低优先级的（可以用JSON_TYPE()函数查看类型）。优先级从高到低如下：

BLOB
BIT
OPAQUE
DATETIME
TIME
DATE
BOOLEAN
ARRAY
OBJECT
STRING
INTEGER, DOUBLE
NULL

3. 常用函数

3.1 创建函数

3.1.1 JSON_ARRAY

JSON_ARRAY(val1,val2,val3…)

生成一个包含指定元素的json数组。

mysql> SELECT JSON_ARRAY(1, "abc", NULL, TRUE, CURTIME());
+---------------------------------------------+
| JSON_ARRAY(1, "abc", NULL, TRUE, CURTIME()) |
+---------------------------------------------+
| [1, "abc", null, true, "11:30:24.000000"]   |
+---------------------------------------------+

3.1.2 JSON_OBJECT

JSON_OBJECT(key1,val1,key2,val2…)

生成一个包含指定K-V对的json object。如果有key为NULL或参数个数为奇数，则抛错。

mysql> SELECT JSON_OBJECT('id', 87, 'name', 'carrot');
+-----------------------------------------+
| JSON_OBJECT('id', 87, 'name', 'carrot') |
+-----------------------------------------+
| {"id": 87, "name": "carrot"}            |
+-----------------------------------------+

3.1.3 JSON_QUOTE

JSON_QUOTE(json_val)

将json_val用"号括起来。

mysql> SELECT JSON_QUOTE('null'), JSON_QUOTE('"null"');
+--------------------+----------------------+
| JSON_QUOTE('null') | JSON_QUOTE('"null"') |
+--------------------+----------------------+
| "null"             | "\"null\""           |
+--------------------+----------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_QUOTE('[1, 2, 3]');
+-------------------------+
| JSON_QUOTE('[1, 2, 3]') |
+-------------------------+
| "[1, 2, 3]"             |
+-------------------------+

3.1.4 CONVERT

CONVERT(json_string,JSON)

mysql> select CONVERT('{"mail": "amy@gmail.com", "name": "Amy"}',JSON);
+----------------------------------------------------------+
| CONVERT('{"mail": "amy@gmail.com", "name": "Amy"}',JSON) |
+----------------------------------------------------------+
| {"mail": "amy@gmail.com", "name": "Amy"}                 |
+----------------------------------------------------------+

3.2 查询函数

3.2.1 JSON_CONTAINS

JSON_CONTAINS(json_doc, val[, path])

查询json文档是否在指定path包含指定的数据，包含则返回1，否则返回0。如果有参数为NULL或path不存在，则返回NULL。

mysql> SET @j = '{"a": 1, "b": 2, "c": {"d": 4}}';
mysql> SET @j2 = '1';
mysql> SELECT JSON_CONTAINS(@j, @j2, '$.a');
+-------------------------------+
| JSON_CONTAINS(@j, @j2, '$.a') |
+-------------------------------+
|                             1 |
+-------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_CONTAINS(@j, @j2, '$.b');
+-------------------------------+
| JSON_CONTAINS(@j, @j2, '$.b') |
+-------------------------------+
|                             0 |
+-------------------------------+
 
mysql> SET @j2 = '{"d": 4}';
mysql> SELECT JSON_CONTAINS(@j, @j2, '$.a');
+-------------------------------+
| JSON_CONTAINS(@j, @j2, '$.a') |
+-------------------------------+
|                             0 |
+-------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_CONTAINS(@j, @j2, '$.c');
+-------------------------------+
| JSON_CONTAINS(@j, @j2, '$.c') |
+-------------------------------+
|                             1 |
+-------------------------------+

3.2.2 JSON_CONTAINS_PATH

JSON_CONTAINS_PATH(json_doc, one_or_all, path[, path] …)

查询是否存在指定路径，存在则返回1，否则返回0。如果有参数为NULL，则返回NULL。

one_or_all只能取值"one"或"all"，one表示只要有一个存在即可；all表示所有的都存在才行。

mysql> SET @j = '{"a": 1, "b": 2, "c": {"d": 4}}';
mysql> SELECT JSON_CONTAINS_PATH(@j, 'one', '$.a', '$.e');
+---------------------------------------------+
| JSON_CONTAINS_PATH(@j, 'one', '$.a', '$.e') |
+---------------------------------------------+
|                                           1 |
+---------------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_CONTAINS_PATH(@j, 'all', '$.a', '$.e');
+---------------------------------------------+
| JSON_CONTAINS_PATH(@j, 'all', '$.a', '$.e') |
+---------------------------------------------+
|                                           0 |
+---------------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_CONTAINS_PATH(@j, 'one', '$.c.d');
+----------------------------------------+
| JSON_CONTAINS_PATH(@j, 'one', '$.c.d') |
+----------------------------------------+
|                                      1 |
+----------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_CONTAINS_PATH(@j, 'one', '$.a.d');
+----------------------------------------+
| JSON_CONTAINS_PATH(@j, 'one', '$.a.d') |
+----------------------------------------+
|                                      0 |
+----------------------------------------+

3.2.3 JSON_EXTRACT

JSON_EXTRACT(json_doc, path[, path] …)

从json文档里抽取数据。如果有参数有NULL或path不存在，则返回NULL。如果抽取出多个path，则返回的数据封闭在一个json array里。

mysql> SELECT JSON_EXTRACT('[10, 20, [30, 40]]', '$[1]');
+--------------------------------------------+
| JSON_EXTRACT('[10, 20, [30, 40]]', '$[1]') |
+--------------------------------------------+
| 20                                         |
+--------------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_EXTRACT('[10, 20, [30, 40]]', '$[1]', '$[0]');
+----------------------------------------------------+
| JSON_EXTRACT('[10, 20, [30, 40]]', '$[1]', '$[0]') |
+----------------------------------------------------+
| [20, 10]                                           |
+----------------------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_EXTRACT('[10, 20, [30, 40]]', '$[2][*]');
+-----------------------------------------------+
| JSON_EXTRACT('[10, 20, [30, 40]]', '$[2][*]') |
+-----------------------------------------------+
| [30, 40]                                      |
+-----------------------------------------------+

在MySQL 5.7.9+里可以用"->"替代。

mysql> SELECT c, JSON_EXTRACT(c, "$.id"), g
     > FROM jemp
     > WHERE JSON_EXTRACT(c, "$.id") > 1
     > ORDER BY JSON_EXTRACT(c, "$.name");
+-------------------------------+-----------+------+
| c                             | c->"$.id" | g    |
+-------------------------------+-----------+------+
| {"id": "3", "name": "Barney"} | "3"       |    3 |
| {"id": "4", "name": "Betty"}  | "4"       |    4 |
| {"id": "2", "name": "Wilma"}  | "2"       |    2 |
+-------------------------------+-----------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> SELECT c, c->"$.id", g
     > FROM jemp
     > WHERE c->"$.id" > 1
     > ORDER BY c->"$.name";
+-------------------------------+-----------+------+
| c                             | c->"$.id" | g    |
+-------------------------------+-----------+------+
| {"id": "3", "name": "Barney"} | "3"       |    3 |
| {"id": "4", "name": "Betty"}  | "4"       |    4 |
| {"id": "2", "name": "Wilma"}  | "2"       |    2 |
+-------------------------------+-----------+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在MySQL 5.7.13+，还可以用"->>"表示去掉抽取结果的"号，下面三种效果是一样的：

JSON_UNQUOTE( JSON_EXTRACT(column, path) )
JSON_UNQUOTE(column -> path)
column->>path

mysql> SELECT * FROM jemp WHERE g > 2;
+-------------------------------+------+
| c                             | g    |
+-------------------------------+------+
| {"id": "3", "name": "Barney"} |    3 |
| {"id": "4", "name": "Betty"}  |    4 |
+-------------------------------+------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> SELECT c->'$.name' AS name    
    ->     FROM jemp WHERE g > 2;
+----------+
| name     |
+----------+
| "Barney" |
| "Betty"  |
+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_UNQUOTE(c->'$.name') AS name
    ->     FROM jemp WHERE g > 2;
+--------+
| name   |
+--------+
| Barney |
| Betty  |
+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> SELECT c->>'$.name' AS name
    ->     FROM jemp WHERE g > 2;
+--------+
| name   |
+--------+
| Barney |
| Betty  |
+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3.2.4 JSON_KEYS

JSON_KEYS(json_doc[, path])

获取json文档在指定路径下的所有键值，返回一个json array。如果有参数为NULL或path不存在，则返回NULL。

mysql> SELECT JSON_KEYS('{"a": 1, "b": {"c": 30}}');
+---------------------------------------+
| JSON_KEYS('{"a": 1, "b": {"c": 30}}') |
+---------------------------------------+
| ["a", "b"]                            |
+---------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_KEYS('{"a": 1, "b": {"c": 30}}', '$.b');
+----------------------------------------------+
| JSON_KEYS('{"a": 1, "b": {"c": 30}}', '$.b') |
+----------------------------------------------+
| ["c"]                                        |
+----------------------------------------------+

3.2.5 JSON_SEARCH

JSON_SEARCH(json_doc, one_or_all, search_str[, escape_char[, path] …])

查询包含指定字符串的paths，并作为一个json array返回。如果有参数为NUL或path不存在，则返回NULL。

one_or_all："one"表示查询到一个即返回；"all"表示查询所有。

search_str：要查询的字符串。可以用LIKE里的’%'或‘_’匹配。

path：在指定path下查。

mysql> SET @j = '["abc", [{"k": "10"}, "def"], {"x":"abc"}, {"y":"bcd"}]';
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'one', 'abc');
+-------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'one', 'abc') |
+-------------------------------+
| "$[0]"                        |
+-------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', 'abc');
+-------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', 'abc') |
+-------------------------------+
| ["$[0]", "$[2].x"]            |
+-------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', 'ghi');
+-------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', 'ghi') |
+-------------------------------+
| NULL                          |
+-------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '10');
+------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '10') |
+------------------------------+
| "$[1][0].k"                  |
+------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '10', NULL, '$');
+-----------------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '10', NULL, '$') |
+-----------------------------------------+
| "$[1][0].k"                             |
+-----------------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '10', NULL, '$[*]');
+--------------------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '10', NULL, '$[*]') |
+--------------------------------------------+
| "$[1][0].k"                                |
+--------------------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '10', NULL, '$**.k');
+---------------------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '10', NULL, '$**.k') |
+---------------------------------------------+
| "$[1][0].k"                                 |
+---------------------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '10', NULL, '$[*][0].k');
+-------------------------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '10', NULL, '$[*][0].k') |
+-------------------------------------------------+
| "$[1][0].k"                                     |
+-------------------------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '10', NULL, '$[1]');
+--------------------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '10', NULL, '$[1]') |
+--------------------------------------------+
| "$[1][0].k"                                |
+--------------------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '10', NULL, '$[1][0]');
+-----------------------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '10', NULL, '$[1][0]') |
+-----------------------------------------------+
| "$[1][0].k"                                   |
+-----------------------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', 'abc', NULL, '$[2]');
+---------------------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', 'abc', NULL, '$[2]') |
+---------------------------------------------+
| "$[2].x"                                    |
+---------------------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '%a%');
+-------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '%a%') |
+-------------------------------+
| ["$[0]", "$[2].x"]            |
+-------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '%b%');
+-------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '%b%') |
+-------------------------------+
| ["$[0]", "$[2].x", "$[3].y"]  |
+-------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '%b%', NULL, '$[0]');
+---------------------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '%b%', NULL, '$[0]') |
+---------------------------------------------+
| "$[0]"                                      |
+---------------------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '%b%', NULL, '$[2]');
+---------------------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '%b%', NULL, '$[2]') |
+---------------------------------------------+
| "$[2].x"                                    |
+---------------------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '%b%', NULL, '$[1]');
+---------------------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '%b%', NULL, '$[1]') |
+---------------------------------------------+
| NULL                                        |
+---------------------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '%b%', '', '$[1]');
+-------------------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '%b%', '', '$[1]') |
+-------------------------------------------+
| NULL                                      |
+-------------------------------------------+
 
mysql> SELECT JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '%b%', '', '$[3]');
+-------------------------------------------+
| JSON_SEARCH(@j, 'all', '%b%', '', '$[3]') |
+-------------------------------------------+
| "$[3].y"                                  |
+-------------------------------------------+

3.3 修改函数

3.3.1 JSON_APPEND/JSON_ARRAY_APPEND

JSON_ARRAY_APPEND(json_doc, path, val[, path, val] …)

在指定path的json array尾部追加val。如果指定path是一个json object，则将其封装成一个json array再追加。如果有参数为NULL，则返回NULL。

mysql> SET @j = '["a", ["b", "c"], "d"]';
mysql> SELECT JSON_ARRAY_APPEND(@j, '$[1]', 1);
+----------------------------------+
| JSON_ARRAY_APPEND(@j, '$[1]', 1) |
+----------------------------------+
| ["a", ["b", "c", 1], "d"]        |
+----------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_ARRAY_APPEND(@j, '$[0]', 2);
+----------------------------------+
| JSON_ARRAY_APPEND(@j, '$[0]', 2) |
+----------------------------------+
| [["a", 2], ["b", "c"], "d"]      |
+----------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_ARRAY_APPEND(@j, '$[1][0]', 3);
+-------------------------------------+
| JSON_ARRAY_APPEND(@j, '$[1][0]', 3) |
+-------------------------------------+
| ["a", [["b", 3], "c"], "d"]         |
+-------------------------------------+
 
mysql> SET @j = '{"a": 1, "b": [2, 3], "c": 4}';
mysql> SELECT JSON_ARRAY_APPEND(@j, '$.b', 'x');
+------------------------------------+
| JSON_ARRAY_APPEND(@j, '$.b', 'x')  |
+------------------------------------+
| {"a": 1, "b": [2, 3, "x"], "c": 4} |
+------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_ARRAY_APPEND(@j, '$.c', 'y');
+--------------------------------------+
| JSON_ARRAY_APPEND(@j, '$.c', 'y')    |
+--------------------------------------+
| {"a": 1, "b": [2, 3], "c": [4, "y"]} |
+--------------------------------------+
 
mysql> SET @j = '{"a": 1}';
mysql> SELECT JSON_ARRAY_APPEND(@j, '$', 'z');
+---------------------------------+
| JSON_ARRAY_APPEND(@j, '$', 'z') |
+---------------------------------+
| [{"a": 1}, "z"]                 |
+---------------------------------+

3.3.2 JSON_ARRAY_INSERT

JSON_ARRAY_INSERT(json_doc, path, val[, path, val] …)

在path指定的json array元素插入val，原位置及以右的元素顺次右移。如果path指定的数据非json array元素，则略过此val；如果指定的元素下标超过json array的长度，则插入尾部。

mysql> SET @j = '["a", {"b": [1, 2]}, [3, 4]]';
mysql> SELECT JSON_ARRAY_INSERT(@j, '$[1]', 'x');
+------------------------------------+
| JSON_ARRAY_INSERT(@j, '$[1]', 'x') |
+------------------------------------+
| ["a", "x", {"b": [1, 2]}, [3, 4]]  |
+------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_ARRAY_INSERT(@j, '$[100]', 'x');
+--------------------------------------+
| JSON_ARRAY_INSERT(@j, '$[100]', 'x') |
+--------------------------------------+
| ["a", {"b": [1, 2]}, [3, 4], "x"]    |
+--------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_ARRAY_INSERT(@j, '$[1].b[0]', 'x');
+-----------------------------------------+
| JSON_ARRAY_INSERT(@j, '$[1].b[0]', 'x') |
+-----------------------------------------+
| ["a", {"b": ["x", 1, 2]}, [3, 4]]       |
+-----------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_ARRAY_INSERT(@j, '$[2][1]', 'y');
+---------------------------------------+
| JSON_ARRAY_INSERT(@j, '$[2][1]', 'y') |
+---------------------------------------+
| ["a", {"b": [1, 2]}, [3, "y", 4]]     |
+---------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_ARRAY_INSERT(@j, '$[0]', 'x', '$[2][1]', 'y');
+----------------------------------------------------+
| JSON_ARRAY_INSERT(@j, '$[0]', 'x', '$[2][1]', 'y') |
+----------------------------------------------------+
| ["x", "a", {"b": [1, 2]}, [3, 4]]                  |
+----------------------------------------------------+

3.3.3 JSON_INSERT/JSON_REPLACE/JSON_SET

JSON_INSERT(json_doc, path, val[, path, val] …)

在指定path下插入数据，如果path已存在，则忽略此val（不存在才插入）。

mysql> SET @j = '{ "a": 1, "b": [2, 3]}';
mysql> SELECT JSON_INSERT(@j, '$.a', 10, '$.c', '[true, false]');
+----------------------------------------------------+
| JSON_INSERT(@j, '$.a', 10, '$.c', '[true, false]') |
+----------------------------------------------------+
| {"a": 1, "b": [2, 3], "c": "[true, false]"}        |
+----------------------------------------------------+

JSON_REPLACE(json_doc, path, val[, path, val] …)

替换指定路径的数据，如果某个路径不存在则略过（存在才替换）。如果有参数为NULL，则返回NULL。

mysql> SET @j = '{ "a": 1, "b": [2, 3]}';
mysql> SELECT JSON_REPLACE(@j, '$.a', 10, '$.c', '[true, false]');
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| JSON_REPLACE(@j, '$.a', 10, '$.c', '[true, false]') |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| {"a": 10, "b": [2, 3]}                              |
+-----------------------------------------------------+

JSON_SET(json_doc, path, val[, path, val] …)

设置指定路径的数据（不管是否存在）。如果有参数为NULL，则返回NULL。

mysql> SET @j = '{ "a": 1, "b": [2, 3]}';
mysql> SELECT JSON_SET(@j, '$.a', 10, '$.c', '[true, false]');
+-------------------------------------------------+
| JSON_SET(@j, '$.a', 10, '$.c', '[true, false]') |
+-------------------------------------------------+
| {"a": 10, "b": [2, 3], "c": "[true, false]"}    |
+-------------------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_INSERT(@j, '$.a', 10, '$.c', '[true, false]');
+----------------------------------------------------+
| JSON_INSERT(@j, '$.a', 10, '$.c', '[true, false]') |
+----------------------------------------------------+
| {"a": 1, "b": [2, 3], "c": "[true, false]"}        |
+----------------------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_REPLACE(@j, '$.a', 10, '$.c', '[true, false]');
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| JSON_REPLACE(@j, '$.a', 10, '$.c', '[true, false]') |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| {"a": 10, "b": [2, 3]}                              |
+-----------------------------------------------------+

3.3.4 JSON_MERGE

JSON_MERGE(json_doc, json_doc[, json_doc] …)

merge多个json文档。规则如下：

如果都是json array，则结果自动merge为一个json array；
如果都是json object，则结果自动merge为一个json object；
如果有多种类型，则将非json array的元素封装成json array再按照规则一进行mege。

mysql> SELECT JSON_MERGE('[1, 2]', '[true, false]');
+---------------------------------------+
| JSON_MERGE('[1, 2]', '[true, false]') |
+---------------------------------------+
| [1, 2, true, false]                   |
+---------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_MERGE('{"name": "x"}', '{"id": 47}');
+-------------------------------------------+
| JSON_MERGE('{"name": "x"}', '{"id": 47}') |
+-------------------------------------------+
| {"id": 47, "name": "x"}                   |
+-------------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_MERGE('1', 'true');
+-------------------------+
| JSON_MERGE('1', 'true') |
+-------------------------+
| [1, true]               |
+-------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_MERGE('[1, 2]', '{"id": 47}');
+------------------------------------+
| JSON_MERGE('[1, 2]', '{"id": 47}') |
+------------------------------------+
| [1, 2, {"id": 47}]                 |
+------------------------------------+

3.3.5 JSON_REMOVE

JSON_REMOVE(json_doc, path[, path] …)
移除指定路径的数据，如果某个路径不存在则略过此路径。如果有参数为NULL，则返回NULL。

mysql> SET @j = '["a", ["b", "c"], "d"]';
mysql> SELECT JSON_REMOVE(@j, '$[1]');
+-------------------------+
| JSON_REMOVE(@j, '$[1]') |
+-------------------------+
| ["a", "d"]              |
+-------------------------+xxxxxxxxxx mysql> SET @j = '["a", ["b", "c"], "d"]';mysql> SELECT JSON_REMOVE(@j, '$[1]');+-------------------------+| JSON_REMOVE(@j, '$[1]') |+-------------------------+| ["a", "d"]              |+-------------------------+mysql> ``SET` `@j = ``'["a", ["b", "c"], "d"]'``;``mysql> ``SELECT` `JSON_REMOVE(@j, ``'$[1]'``);``+``-------------------------+``| JSON_REMOVE(@j, ``'$[1]'``) |``+``-------------------------+``| [``"a"``, ``"d"``]       |``+``-------------------------+

3.3.6 JSON_UNQUOTE

JSON_UNQUOTE(val)

去掉val的引号。如果val为NULL，则返回NULL。

mysql> SET @j = '"abc"';
mysql> SELECT @j, JSON_UNQUOTE(@j);
+-------+------------------+
| @j    | JSON_UNQUOTE(@j) |
+-------+------------------+
| "abc" | abc              |
+-------+------------------+
mysql> SET @j = '[1, 2, 3]';
mysql> SELECT @j, JSON_UNQUOTE(@j);
+-----------+------------------+
| @j        | JSON_UNQUOTE(@j) |
+-----------+------------------+
| [1, 2, 3] | [1, 2, 3]        |
+-----------+------------------+

3.4 JSON特性查询

3.4.1 JSON_DEEPTH

JSON_DEPTH(json_doc)

获取json文档的深度。如果参数为NULL，则返回NULL。

空的json array、json object或标量的深度为1。

mysql> SELECT JSON_DEPTH('{}'), JSON_DEPTH('[]'), JSON_DEPTH('true');
+------------------+------------------+--------------------+
| JSON_DEPTH('{}') | JSON_DEPTH('[]') | JSON_DEPTH('true') |
+------------------+------------------+--------------------+
|                1 |                1 |                  1 |
+------------------+------------------+--------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_DEPTH('[10, 20]'), JSON_DEPTH('[[], {}]');
+------------------------+------------------------+
| JSON_DEPTH('[10, 20]') | JSON_DEPTH('[[], {}]') |
+------------------------+------------------------+
|                      2 |                      2 |
+------------------------+------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_DEPTH('[10, {"a": 20}]');
+-------------------------------+
| JSON_DEPTH('[10, {"a": 20}]') |
+-------------------------------+
|                             3 |
+-------------------------------+

3.4.2 JSON_LENGTH

JSON_LENGTH(json_doc[, path])

获取指定路径下的长度。如果参数为NULL，则返回NULL。

长度的计算规则：

标量的长度为1；
json array的长度为元素的个数；
json object的长度为key的个数。

mysql> SELECT JSON_LENGTH('[1, 2, {"a": 3}]');
+---------------------------------+
| JSON_LENGTH('[1, 2, {"a": 3}]') |
+---------------------------------+
|                               3 |
+---------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_LENGTH('{"a": 1, "b": {"c": 30}}');
+-----------------------------------------+
| JSON_LENGTH('{"a": 1, "b": {"c": 30}}') |
+-----------------------------------------+
|                                       2 |
+-----------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_LENGTH('{"a": 1, "b": {"c": 30}}', '$.b');
+------------------------------------------------+
| JSON_LENGTH('{"a": 1, "b": {"c": 30}}', '$.b') |
+------------------------------------------------+
|                                              1 |
+------------------------------------------------+

3.4.3 JSON_TYPE

JSON_TYPE(json_val)

获取json文档的具体类型。如果参数为NULL，则返回NULL。

3.4.4 JSON_VALID

JSON_VALID(val)

判断val是否为有效的json格式，是为1，不是为0。如果参数为NUL，则返回NULL。

mysql> SELECT JSON_VALID('{"a": 1}');
+------------------------+
| JSON_VALID('{"a": 1}') |
+------------------------+
|                      1 |
+------------------------+
mysql> SELECT JSON_VALID('hello'), JSON_VALID('"hello"');
+---------------------+-----------------------+
| JSON_VALID('hello') | JSON_VALID('"hello"') |
+---------------------+-----------------------+
|                   0 |                     1 |
+---------------------+-----------------------+

end

文章转自：https://www.cnblogs.com/waterystone/p/5626098.html

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