注入FactoryBean失败分析+解决方案
如果有朋友 遇到Spring疑难杂症,小弟愿意帮忙分析及提出解决方案。 通过spring注入FactoryBean时可能会遇到找不到依赖的异常“Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:”,但是很多朋友会说明明我配置了,怎么找不到呢?或者如果直接从Spring容器去getBean是能
如果有朋友 遇到Spring疑难杂症,小弟愿意帮忙分析及提出解决方案。
通过spring注入FactoryBean时可能会遇到找不到依赖的异常“Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:”,但是很多朋友会说明明我配置了,怎么找不到呢?或者如果直接从Spring容器去getBean是能拿到的,为什么注入不行呢?所以此处给大家分析一下原因,希望解决一些朋友的的疑惑。
假设:
- A {
- @Autowired B b;
- }
- B implements FactoryBean {
- }
A {
@Autowired B b;
}
B implements FactoryBean {
}
假设我们有两个类:
1、都是单例Bean;
2、A依赖于B; B是一个FactoryBean;
3、A先于B加载,否则就没有问题了。
分析:
1、容器启动时默认会预初始化单例Bean,初始化顺序是无序的,因为在Spring容器内部使用Map存储Bean定义;当然也可以开启如lazy-init,不过还是无序。
1.1、比如DefaultListableBeanFactory,使用preInstantiateSingletons方法进行预初始化单例Bean;如果是ClasspathXmlApplicationContext会在其如refresh时调用此方法进行预初始化单例Bean;
1.2、如果是FactoryBean,并且(非SmartFactoryBean且eagerInit=false),那么默认只实例化FactoryBean,不会调用getObject去获取其具体的Bean;如下所示
- if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
- if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
- final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
- boolean isEagerInit;
- if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
- isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Boolean>() {
- public Boolean run() {
- return ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit();
- }
- }, getAccessControlContext());
- }
- else {
- isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
- ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
- }
- if (isEagerInit) {
- getBean(beanName);
- }
- }
- else {
- getBean(beanName);
- }
- }
if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
boolean isEagerInit;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Boolean>() {
public Boolean run() {
return ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit();
}
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
}
if (isEagerInit) {
getBean(beanName);
}
}
else {
getBean(beanName);
}
}
如果是SmartFactoryBean且是EagerInit(true),那么调用getBean得到FactoryBean对应的具体Bean,即调用FactoryBean.getObject获取; 否则只实例化FactoryBean,不会返回具体的Bean; 此处需要注意的是:FactoryBean会完成实例化、依赖注入、初始化整个逻辑,而不是后边咱们提到的只调用部分逻辑。
2、当容器实例化A后,开始注入B;因为我们通过@Autowired注入B;所以Spring使用的是AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor注入:
具体可参考我之前写的《Spring开闭原则的表现-BeanPostProcessor扩展点》。
3、AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor使用内部的AutowiredFieldElement进行注入,具体调用了beanFactory的如下代码:
- value = beanFactory.resolveDependency(descriptor, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);
value = beanFactory.resolveDependency(descriptor, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);
4、 在我们的场景中会使用resolveDependency中的如下代码(部分)去查找候选Bean:
- Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, type, descriptor);
- if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
- if (descriptor.isRequired()) {
- raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(type, "", descriptor);
- }
- return null;
- }
- if (matchingBeans.size() > 1) {
- String primaryBeanName = determinePrimaryCandidate(matchingBeans, descriptor);
- if (primaryBeanName == null) {
- throw new NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException(type, matchingBeans.keySet());
- }
- if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
- autowiredBeanNames.add(primaryBeanName);
- }
- return matchingBeans.get(primaryBeanName);
- }
- // We have exactly one match.
- Map.Entry<String, Object> entry = matchingBeans.entrySet().iterator().next();
- if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
- autowiredBeanNames.add(entry.getKey());
- }
- return entry.getValue();
Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, type, descriptor);
if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
if (descriptor.isRequired()) {
raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(type, "", descriptor);
}
return null;
}
if (matchingBeans.size() > 1) {
String primaryBeanName = determinePrimaryCandidate(matchingBeans, descriptor);
if (primaryBeanName == null) {
throw new NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException(type, matchingBeans.keySet());
}
if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
autowiredBeanNames.add(primaryBeanName);
}
return matchingBeans.get(primaryBeanName);
}
// We have exactly one match.
Map.Entry<String, Object> entry = matchingBeans.entrySet().iterator().next();
if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
autowiredBeanNames.add(entry.getKey());
}
return entry.getValue();
}
大家可以看到,使用findAutowireCandidates去发现候选Bean:
1、如果没有找到,抛出之前说的没有找到Bean异常;
2、如果发现多个,但是需要一个,抛出发现多于一个Bean的异常;
3、否则注入一个。
5、此时需要去分析findAutowireCandidates方法,在此方法内其使用如下代码去查找候选Bean的名字,而且递归查找父BeanFactory中的:
- String[] candidateNames = BeanFactoryUtils.beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors(
- this, requiredType, true, descriptor.isEager());
String[] candidateNames = BeanFactoryUtils.beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors(
this, requiredType, true, descriptor.isEager());
6、findAutowireCandidates委托给如下代码去查找:
- String[] result = lbf.getBeanNamesForType(type, includeNonSingletons, allowEagerInit);
String[] result = lbf.getBeanNamesForType(type, includeNonSingletons, allowEagerInit);
7、接着委托给如下代码 接着去查找匹配的Bean名字:
- try {
- RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
- // Only check bean definition if it is complete.
- if (!mbd.isAbstract() && (allowEagerInit ||
- ((mbd.hasBeanClass() || !mbd.isLazyInit() || this.allowEagerClassLoading)) &&
- !requiresEagerInitForType(mbd.getFactoryBeanName()))) {
- // In case of FactoryBean, match object created by FactoryBean.
- boolean isFactoryBean = isFactoryBean(beanName, mbd);
- boolean matchFound = (allowEagerInit || !isFactoryBean || containsSingleton(beanName)) &&
- (includeNonSingletons || isSingleton(beanName)) && isTypeMatch(beanName, type);
- if (!matchFound && isFactoryBean) {
- // In case of FactoryBean, try to match FactoryBean instance itself next.
- beanName = FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName;
- matchFound = (includeNonSingletons || mbd.isSingleton()) && isTypeMatch(beanName, type);
- }
- if (matchFound) {
- result.add(beanName);
- }
- }
- }
try {
RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
// Only check bean definition if it is complete.
if (!mbd.isAbstract() && (allowEagerInit ||
((mbd.hasBeanClass() || !mbd.isLazyInit() || this.allowEagerClassLoading)) &&
!requiresEagerInitForType(mbd.getFactoryBeanName()))) {
// In case of FactoryBean, match object created by FactoryBean.
boolean isFactoryBean = isFactoryBean(beanName, mbd);
boolean matchFound = (allowEagerInit || !isFactoryBean || containsSingleton(beanName)) &&
(includeNonSingletons || isSingleton(beanName)) && isTypeMatch(beanName, type);
if (!matchFound && isFactoryBean) {
// In case of FactoryBean, try to match FactoryBean instance itself next.
beanName = FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName;
matchFound = (includeNonSingletons || mbd.isSingleton()) && isTypeMatch(beanName, type);
}
if (matchFound) {
result.add(beanName);
}
}
}
因为我们的B是一个FactoryBean,而且B还未实例化,所以走:
- if (!matchFound && isFactoryBean) {
- // In case of FactoryBean, try to match FactoryBean instance itself next.
- beanName = FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName;
- matchFound = (includeNonSingletons || mbd.isSingleton()) && isTypeMatch(beanName, type);
- }
if (!matchFound && isFactoryBean) {
// In case of FactoryBean, try to match FactoryBean instance itself next.
beanName = FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName;
matchFound = (includeNonSingletons || mbd.isSingleton()) && isTypeMatch(beanName, type);
}
8、此时具体要看isTypeMatch方法了:代码比较多,此时我只贴将执行的代码片段:
- // Check bean class whether we're dealing with a FactoryBean.
- if (FactoryBean.class.isAssignableFrom(beanClass)) {
- if (!BeanFactoryUtils.isFactoryDereference(name)) {
- // If it's a FactoryBean, we want to look at what it creates, not the factory class.
- Class<?> type = getTypeForFactoryBean(beanName, mbd);
- return (type != null && typeToMatch.isAssignableFrom(type));
- }
- else {
- return typeToMatch.isAssignableFrom(beanClass);
- }
- }
// Check bean class whether we're dealing with a FactoryBean.
if (FactoryBean.class.isAssignableFrom(beanClass)) {
if (!BeanFactoryUtils.isFactoryDereference(name)) {
// If it's a FactoryBean, we want to look at what it creates, not the factory class.
Class<?> type = getTypeForFactoryBean(beanName, mbd);
return (type != null && typeToMatch.isAssignableFrom(type));
}
else {
return typeToMatch.isAssignableFrom(beanClass);
}
}
此处会调用Class<?> type = getTypeForFactoryBean(beanName, mbd); 去获取FactoryBean的类型。getTypeForFactoryBean方法的核心代码如下所示:
- FactoryBean<?> fb = (mbd.isSingleton() ?
- getSingletonFactoryBeanForTypeCheck(beanName, mbd) :
- getNonSingletonFactoryBeanForTypeCheck(beanName, mbd));
- if (fb != null) {
- // Try to obtain the FactoryBean's object type from this early stage of the instance.
- objectType.value = getTypeForFactoryBean(fb);
- if (objectType.value != null) {
- return objectType.value;
- }
- }
- // No type found - fall back to full creation of the FactoryBean instance.
- return super.getTypeForFactoryBean(beanName, mbd);
FactoryBean<?> fb = (mbd.isSingleton() ?
getSingletonFactoryBeanForTypeCheck(beanName, mbd) :
getNonSingletonFactoryBeanForTypeCheck(beanName, mbd));
if (fb != null) {
// Try to obtain the FactoryBean's object type from this early stage of the instance.
objectType.value = getTypeForFactoryBean(fb);
if (objectType.value != null) {
return objectType.value;
}
}
// No type found - fall back to full creation of the FactoryBean instance.
return super.getTypeForFactoryBean(beanName, mbd);
9、如果是单例Bean,执行getSingletonFactoryBeanForTypeCheck(beanName, mbd)获取FactoryBean:
- private FactoryBean getSingletonFactoryBeanForTypeCheck(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
- synchronized (getSingletonMutex()) {
- BeanWrapper bw = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.get(beanName);
- if (bw != null) {
- return (FactoryBean) bw.getWrappedInstance();
- }
- if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
- return null;
- }
- Object instance = null;
- try {
- // Mark this bean as currently in creation, even if just partially.
- beforeSingletonCreation(beanName);
- // Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
- instance = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbd);
- if (instance == null) {
- bw = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, null);
- instance = bw.getWrappedInstance();
- }
- }
- finally {
- // Finished partial creation of this bean.
- afterSingletonCreation(beanName);
- }
- FactoryBean fb = getFactoryBean(beanName, instance);
- if (bw != null) {
- this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.put(beanName, bw);
- }
- return fb;
- }
- }
private FactoryBean getSingletonFactoryBeanForTypeCheck(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
synchronized (getSingletonMutex()) {
BeanWrapper bw = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.get(beanName);
if (bw != null) {
return (FactoryBean) bw.getWrappedInstance();
}
if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
return null;
}
Object instance = null;
try {
// Mark this bean as currently in creation, even if just partially.
beforeSingletonCreation(beanName);
// Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
instance = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbd);
if (instance == null) {
bw = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, null);
instance = bw.getWrappedInstance();
}
}
finally {
// Finished partial creation of this bean.
afterSingletonCreation(beanName);
}
FactoryBean fb = getFactoryBean(beanName, instance);
if (bw != null) {
this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.put(beanName, bw);
}
return fb;
}
}
从如上代码可以看到的是,只执行实例化,没有执行依赖注入和初始化。
10、接着调用objectType.value = getTypeForFactoryBean(fb);获取FactoryBean包装的具体类型:
- return factoryBean.getObjectType();
return factoryBean.getObjectType();
即通过getObjectType获取具体的类型。
结论
如上是整个注入FactoryBean的代码分析,即FactoryBean在实例化/依赖注入时做了特殊处理,所以会造成问题:
1、在容器初始化时,如果FactoryBean是单例Bean,默认只实例化、依赖注入和初始化FactoryBean,不会自动调用getObject返回具体Bean;
2、如果A依赖的FactoryBean B还没有创建,那么执行依赖注入时:只执行FactoryBean B的实例化,不执行执行依赖注入和初始化。
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接着看一下ProxyFactoryBean可能会遇到的问题。
问题1:ProxyBean
请参考《Spring 3.2.2 AOP引入方式集成测试的问题》
- <context:component-scan base-package="com.myapp.aop.introduce" />
- <bean id="forumService" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean"
- p:interfaces="com.myapp.aop.introduce.Monitorable" p:target-ref="forumServiceTarget"
- p:interceptorNames="pmonitor" p:proxyTargetClass="true" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.myapp.aop.introduce" />
<bean id="forumService" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean"
p:interfaces="com.myapp.aop.introduce.Monitorable" p:target-ref="forumServiceTarget"
p:interceptorNames="pmonitor" p:proxyTargetClass="true" />
- @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
- @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "/aop/introduce/applicationContext.xml" })
- public class ForumServiceTest{
- @Autowired
- @Qualifier(value = "forumService")
- ForumService forumService;
- @Test
- public void test() {
- forumService.removeForum(10);
- forumService.removeTopic(1022);
- Monitorable moniterable = (Monitorable)forumService;
- moniterable.setMonitorActive(true);
- forumService.removeForum(10);
- forumService.removeTopic(1022);
- }
- }
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "/aop/introduce/applicationContext.xml" })
public class ForumServiceTest{
@Autowired
@Qualifier(value = "forumService")
ForumService forumService;
@Test
public void test() {
forumService.removeForum(10);
forumService.removeTopic(1022);
Monitorable moniterable = (Monitorable)forumService;
moniterable.setMonitorActive(true);
forumService.removeForum(10);
forumService.removeTopic(1022);
}
}
抛出org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException的异常,指向forumService不存在
分析:
1、首先此处spring容器会加载配置文件并先完成初始化,此时会实例化、依赖注入及初始化forumService这个ProxyFactoryBean(即是FactoryBean);即符合之前提到的结论中的【1】;所以此时forumService这个FactoryBean已经初始化完成了;但因为没有调用getObject 所以还未实例化具体的Bean;
2、当进行ForumServiceTest的依赖注入时(ForumService forumService;),此时会按照如上提到的步骤执行,当执行到第【9】步时,因为之前已经完成了ProxyFactoryBean的初始化,所以此时直接返回factoryBeanInstanceCache中的FactoryBean;
3、接着会调用其getObjectType得到具体Bean的类型:
- public Class<?> getObjectType() {
- synchronized (this) {
- if (this.singletonInstance != null) {
- return this.singletonInstance.getClass();
- }
- }
- Class[] ifcs = getProxiedInterfaces();
- if (ifcs.length == 1) {
- return ifcs[0];
- }
- else if (ifcs.length > 1) {
- return createCompositeInterface(ifcs);
- }
- else if (this.targetName != null && this.beanFactory != null) {
- return this.beanFactory.getType(this.targetName);
- }
- else {
- return getTargetClass();
- }
- }
public Class<?> getObjectType() {
synchronized (this) {
if (this.singletonInstance != null) {
return this.singletonInstance.getClass();
}
}
Class[] ifcs = getProxiedInterfaces();
if (ifcs.length == 1) {
return ifcs[0];
}
else if (ifcs.length > 1) {
return createCompositeInterface(ifcs);
}
else if (this.targetName != null && this.beanFactory != null) {
return this.beanFactory.getType(this.targetName);
}
else {
return getTargetClass();
}
}
3.1、首先判断singletonInstance是否已经创建了,此时因为没有调用getObject,所以还是null;
3.2、因此到了此步骤,getProxiedInterfaces会得到之前在配置文件中注入的“com.myapp.aop.introduce.Monitorable”,因此会返回这个;
所以spring容器断定你的Bean类型是“com.myapp.aop.introduce.Monitorable”,因此和你的ForumService不兼容,因此赋值是失败的。
解决方案:
1、使用depends-on,如<bean class="a" depends-on="forumService"/>,这样会在实例化a时,先实例化forumService,因为获取依赖时使用getBean(dependsOnBean);,即走的是完成流程,也不会有问题;
2、注入ApplicationContext,然后手工ctx.getBean("forumService", ForumService.class); 这样会造成FactoryBean调用getObject返回具体Bean,即ForumService的代理,也是没问题的;
3、再写一个ProxyFactoryBean,实现SmartFactoryBean,且getEarlyInit()方法返回true也是可以解决这个问题的,不过比较麻烦,直接使用1/2即可。
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接下来分析下 spring data jpa+shiro Realm时的问题吧,这个估计用过的都会遇到这个问题。
比如我写的:UserRealm依赖UserService,UserService依赖UserRepository接口。
1、此处假设先实例化UserRealm,此时会去查找并实例化UserService依赖,然后UserService接着去查找UserRepository依赖;
2、UserRealm查找依赖UserService没有问题,但是UserService查找UserRepository会有问题;
分析:
1、假设spring data jpa配置是spring-config.xml:
- <jpa:repositories
- base-package="com.sishuok.es.**.repository"
- entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"
- transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager">
- </jpa:repositories>
<jpa:repositories
base-package="com.sishuok.es.**.repository"
entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"
transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager">
</jpa:repositories>
那么spring data jpa 会在容器启动时使用org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.JpaRepositoryNameSpaceHandler去扫描com.sishuok.es.**.repository包下的所有继承org.springframework.data.repository.Repository的接口;这个大家可以去看下org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.JpaRepositoryNameSpaceHandler实现;
2、扫描后默认使用org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.JpaRepositoryFactoryBean,当然也可以在jpa:repositories中使用factory-class="com.sishuok.es.common.repository.support.SimpleBaseRepositoryFactoryBean" 注册自己的FactoryBean,
3、其内部getObjectType为:
- public Class<? extends T> getObjectType() {
- return (Class<? extends T>) (null == repositoryInterface ? Repository.class : repositoryInterface);
- }
public Class<? extends T> getObjectType() {
return (Class<? extends T>) (null == repositoryInterface ? Repository.class : repositoryInterface);
}
但是此时repositoryInterface并没有注入,参见第【9】步,所以返回的是Repository.class;
4、因此会注入失败。
解决方案和第一个一样:
1、使用depends-on,如<bean class="userRealm" depends-on="userRepository"/>,这样会在实例化userRealm时,先实例化userRepository,因为获取依赖时使用getBean(dependsOnBean);,即走的是完成流程,也不会有问题;可以参见UserService的历史版本;(在UserRealm或UserService上都行,这个没有影响)
2、注入ApplicationContext,然后手工ctx.getBean("userRepository", UserRepository.class); 这样会造成FactoryBean调用getObject返回具体Bean,也是没问题的;
因为我的UserRealm可能依赖的比较多,所以直接:ctx.getBeansOfType(SimpleBaseRepositoryFactoryBean.class); 可以解决依赖多个的问题,不需要每次加新的后加depends-on。
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所以总的结论是:
如上是整个注入FactoryBean的代码分析,即FactoryBean在实例化/依赖注入时做了特殊处理,所以会造成问题:
1、在容器初始化时,如果FactoryBean是单例Bean,默认只实例化、依赖注入和初始化FactoryBean,不会自动调用getObject返回具体Bean;
2、如果A依赖的FactoryBean B还没有创建,那么执行依赖注入时:只执行FactoryBean B的实例化,不执行执行依赖注入和初始化。
总的解决方案是:
- 使用depends-on,如<bean class="userRealm" depends-on="userRepository"/>,这样会在实例化userRealm时,先实例化userRepository,因为获取依赖时使用getBean(dependsOnBean);,即走的是完成流程,也不会有问题;可以参见UserService的历史版本;(在UserRealm或UserService上都行,这个没有影响)
- 注入ApplicationContext,然后手工ctx.getBean("userRepository", UserRepository.class); 这样会造成FactoryBean调用getObject返回具体Bean,也是没问题的;
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