ZooKeeper Standalone模式

将zookeeper-3.3.4/conf目录下面的 zoo_sample.cfg修改为zoo.cfg，配置文件内容如下所示：

[plain]   view plain copy
  1. tickTime=2000  
  2. dataDir=/home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper  
  3. clientPort=2181  
  4. initLimit=5  
  5. syncLimit=2  
上面各个配置参数的含义也非常简单，引用如下所示：
[plain]   view plain copy
  1. tickTime —— the basic time unit in milliseconds used by ZooKeeper. It is used to do heartbeats and the minimum session timeout will be twice the tickTime.  
  2. dataDir —— the location to store the in-memory database snapshots and, unless specified otherwise, the transaction log of updates to the database.  
  3. clientPort —— the port to listen for client connections  
下面启动ZooKeeper服务器进程：
[plain]   view plain copy
  1. cd zookeeper-3.3.4/  
  2. bin/zkServer.sh start  
通过jps命令可以查看ZooKeeper服务器进程，名称为QuorumPeerMain。

在客户端连接ZooKeeper服务器，执行如下命令：

[plain]   view plain copy
  1. bin/zkCli.sh -server dynamic:2181  
上面dynamic是我的主机名，如果在本机执行，则执行如下命令即可：
[plain]   view plain copy
  1. bin/zkCli.sh  
客户端连接信息如下所示： 接着，可以使用help查看Zookeeper客户端可以使用的基本操作命令。


ZooKeeper Distributed模式

第一步：主机名称到IP地址映射配置

ZooKeeper集群中具有两个关键的角色：Leader和Follower。集群中所有的结点作为一个整体对分布式应用提供服务，集群中每个结点之间都互相连接，所以，在配置的ZooKeeper集群的时候，每一个结点的host到IP地址的映射都要配置上集群中其它结点的映射信息。

例如，我的ZooKeeper集群中每个结点的配置，以slave-01为例，/etc/hosts内容如下所示：

[plain]   view plain copy
  1. 192.168.0.179   slave-01  
  2. 192.168.0.178   slave-02  
  3. 192.168.0.177   slave-03  

ZooKeeper采用一种称为Leader election的选举算法。在整个集群运行过程中，只有一个Leader，其他的都是Follower，如果ZooKeeper集群在运行过程中Leader出了问题，系统会采用该算法重新选出一个Leader。因此，各个结点之间要能够保证互相连接，必须配置上述映射。

ZooKeeper集群启动的时候，会首先选出一个Leader，在Leader election过程中，某一个满足选举算的结点就能成为Leader。整个集群的架构可以参考http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/trunk/zookeeperOver.html#sc_designGoals。

第二步：修改ZooKeeper配置文件

在其中一台机器（slave-01）上，解压缩zookeeper-3.3.4.tar.gz，修改配置文件conf/zoo.cfg，内容如下所示：

[plain]   view plain copy
  1. tickTime=2000  
  2. dataDir=/home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper  
  3. clientPort=2181  
  4. initLimit=5  
  5. syncLimit=2  
  6. server.1=slave-01:2888:3888  
  7. server.2=slave-02:2888:3888  
  8. server.3=slave-03:2888:3888  
上述配置内容说明，可以参考 http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/trunk/zookeeperStarted.html#sc_RunningReplicatedZooKeeper。

第三步：远程复制分发安装文件

上面已经在一台机器slave-01上配置完成ZooKeeper，现在可以将该配置好的安装文件远程拷贝到集群中的各个结点对应的目录下：

[plain]   view plain copy
  1. cd /home/hadoop/installation/  
  2. scp -r zookeeper-3.3.4/ hadoop@slave-02:/home/hadoop/installation/  
  3. scp -r zookeeper-3.3.4/ hadoop@slave-03:/home/hadoop/installation/  
第四步：设置myid

在我们配置的dataDir指定的目录下面，创建一个myid文件，里面内容为一个数字，用来标识当前主机，conf/zoo.cfg文件中配置的server.X中X为什么数字，则myid文件中就输入这个数字，例如：

[plain]   view plain copy
  1. hadoop@slave-01:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ echo "1" > /home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/myid  
  2. hadoop@slave-02:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ echo "2" > /home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/myid  
  3. hadoop@slave-03:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ echo "3" > /home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/myid  
按照上述进行配置即可。

第五步：启动ZooKeeper集群

在ZooKeeper集群的每个结点上，执行启动ZooKeeper服务的脚本，如下所示：

[plain]   view plain copy
  1. hadoop@slave-01:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ bin/zkServer.sh start  
  2. hadoop@slave-02:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ bin/zkServer.sh start  
  3. hadoop@slave-03:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ bin/zkServer.sh start  
以结点slave-01为例，日志如下所示：
[plain]   view plain copy
  1. hadoop@slave-01:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ tail -500f zookeeper.out   
  2. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,117 - INFO  [main:QuorumPeerConfig@90] - Reading configuration from: /home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg  
  3. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,133 - INFO  [main:QuorumPeerConfig@310] - Defaulting to majority quorums  
  4. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,167 - INFO  [main:QuorumPeerMain@119] - Starting quorum peer  
  5. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,227 - INFO  [main:NIOServerCnxn$Factory@143] - binding to port 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0:2181  
  6. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,277 - INFO  [main:QuorumPeer@819] - tickTime set to 2000  
  7. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,278 - INFO  [main:QuorumPeer@830] - minSessionTimeout set to -1  
  8. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,279 - INFO  [main:QuorumPeer@841] - maxSessionTimeout set to -1  
  9. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,281 - INFO  [main:QuorumPeer@856] - initLimit set to 5  
  10. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,347 - INFO  [Thread-1:QuorumCnxManager$Listener@473] - My election bind port: 3888  
  11. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,393 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumPeer@621] - LOOKING  
  12. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,396 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@663] - New election. My id =  1, Proposed zxid = 0  
  13. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,400 - INFO  [WorkerReceiver Thread:FastLeaderElection@496] - Notification: 1 (n.leader), 0 (n.zxid), 1 (n.round), LOOKING (n.state), 1 (n.sid), LOOKING (my state)  
  14. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,416 - WARN  [WorkerSender Thread:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 2 at election address slave-02/192.168.0.178:3888  
  15. java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused  
  16.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)  
  17.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)  
  18.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)  
  19.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)  
  20.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.toSend(QuorumCnxManager.java:340)  
  21.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.process(FastLeaderElection.java:360)  
  22.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.run(FastLeaderElection.java:333)  
  23.         at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)  
  24. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,420 - WARN  [WorkerSender Thread:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 3 at election address slave-03/192.168.0.177:3888  
  25. java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused  
  26.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)  
  27.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)  
  28.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)  
  29.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)  
  30.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.toSend(QuorumCnxManager.java:340)  
  31.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.process(FastLeaderElection.java:360)  
  32.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.run(FastLeaderElection.java:333)  
  33.         at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)  
  34. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,612 - WARN  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 2 at election address slave-02/192.168.0.178:3888  
  35. java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused  
  36.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)  
  37.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)  
  38.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)  
  39.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)  
  40.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)  
  41.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)  
  42.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)  
  43. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,615 - WARN  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 3 at election address slave-03/192.168.0.177:3888  
  44. java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused  
  45.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)  
  46.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)  
  47.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)  
  48.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)  
  49.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)  
  50.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)  
  51.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)  
  52. 2012-01-08 06:51:19,616 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@697] - Notification time out: 400  
  53. 2012-01-08 06:51:20,019 - WARN  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 2 at election address slave-02/192.168.0.178:3888  
  54. java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused  
  55.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)  
  56.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)  
  57.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)  
  58.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)  
  59.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)  
  60.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)  
  61.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)  
  62. 2012-01-08 06:51:20,021 - WARN  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 3 at election address slave-03/192.168.0.177:3888  
  63. java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused  
  64.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)  
  65.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)  
  66.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)  
  67.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)  
  68.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)  
  69.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)  
  70.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)  
  71. 2012-01-08 06:51:20,022 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@697] - Notification time out: 800  
  72. 2012-01-08 06:51:20,825 - WARN  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 2 at election address slave-02/192.168.0.178:3888  
  73. java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused  
  74.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)  
  75.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)  
  76.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)  
  77.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)  
  78.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)  
  79.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)  
  80.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)  
  81. 2012-01-08 06:51:20,827 - WARN  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 3 at election address slave-03/192.168.0.177:3888  
  82. java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused  
  83.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)  
  84.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)  
  85.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)  
  86.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)  
  87.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)  
  88.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)  
  89.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)  
  90. 2012-01-08 06:51:20,828 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@697] - Notification time out: 1600  
  91. 2012-01-08 06:51:22,435 - WARN  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 2 at election address slave-02/192.168.0.178:3888  
  92. java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused  
  93.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)  
  94.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)  
  95.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)  
  96.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)  
  97.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)  
  98.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)  
  99.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)  
  100. 2012-01-08 06:51:22,439 - WARN  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 3 at election address slave-03/192.168.0.177:3888  
  101. java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused  
  102.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)  
  103.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)  
  104.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)  
  105.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)  
  106.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)  
  107.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)  
  108.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)  
  109. 2012-01-08 06:51:22,441 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@697] - Notification time out: 3200  
  110. 2012-01-08 06:51:22,945 - INFO  [WorkerReceiver Thread:FastLeaderElection@496] - Notification: 2 (n.leader), 0 (n.zxid), 1 (n.round), LOOKING (n.state), 2 (n.sid), LOOKING (my state)  
  111. 2012-01-08 06:51:22,946 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@721] - Updating proposal  
  112. 2012-01-08 06:51:22,949 - WARN  [WorkerSender Thread:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 3 at election address slave-03/192.168.0.177:3888  
  113. java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused  
  114.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)  
  115.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:567)  
  116.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:100)  
  117.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)  
  118.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.toSend(QuorumCnxManager.java:340)  
  119.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.process(FastLeaderElection.java:360)  
  120.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection$Messenger$WorkerSender.run(FastLeaderElection.java:333)  
  121.         at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)  
  122. 2012-01-08 06:51:22,951 - INFO  [WorkerReceiver Thread:FastLeaderElection@496] - Notification: 2 (n.leader), 0 (n.zxid), 1 (n.round), LOOKING (n.state), 1 (n.sid), LOOKING (my state)  
  123. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,156 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumPeer@643] - FOLLOWING  
  124. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,170 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Learner@80] - TCP NoDelay set to: true  
  125. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,206 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:zookeeper.version=3.3.3-1203054, built on 11/17/2011 05:47 GMT  
  126. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,207 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:host.name=slave-01  
  127. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,207 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:java.version=1.6.0_30  
  128. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,208 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:java.vendor=Sun Microsystems Inc.  
  129. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,208 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:java.home=/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre  
  130. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,209 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:java.class.path=/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../build/classes:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../zookeeper-3.3.4.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.15.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-lang-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-collections-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-cli-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/apache-rat-tasks-0.6.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/apache-rat-core-0.6.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/*.jar  
  131. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,210 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:java.library.path=/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/i386/client:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/i386:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/../lib/i386:/usr/java/packages/lib/i386:/lib:/usr/lib  
  132. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,210 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp  
  133. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,212 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:java.compiler=<NA>  
  134. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,212 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:os.name=Linux  
  135. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,212 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:os.arch=i386  
  136. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,213 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:os.version=3.0.0-14-generic  
  137. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,213 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:user.name=hadoop  
  138. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,214 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:user.home=/home/hadoop  
  139. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,214 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Environment@97] - Server environment:user.dir=/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4  
  140. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,223 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:ZooKeeperServer@151] - Created server with tickTime 2000 minSessionTimeout 4000 maxSessionTimeout 40000 datadir /home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/version-2 snapdir /home/hadoop/storage/zookeeper/version-2  
  141. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,339 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Learner@294] - Getting a snapshot from leader  
  142. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,358 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:Learner@325] - Setting leader epoch 1  
  143. 2012-01-08 06:51:23,358 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FileTxnSnapLog@254] - Snapshotting: 0  
  144. 2012-01-08 06:51:25,511 - INFO  [WorkerReceiver Thread:FastLeaderElection@496] - Notification: 3 (n.leader), 0 (n.zxid), 1 (n.round), LOOKING (n.state), 3 (n.sid), FOLLOWING (my state)  
  145. 2012-01-08 06:51:42,584 - INFO  [WorkerReceiver Thread:FastLeaderElection@496] - Notification: 3 (n.leader), 0 (n.zxid), 2 (n.round), LOOKING (n.state), 3 (n.sid), FOLLOWING (my state)  
我启动的顺序是slave-01>slave-02>slave-03，由于ZooKeeper集群启动的时候，每个结点都试图去连接集群中的其它结点，先启动的肯定连不上后面还没启动的，所以上面日志前面部分的异常是可以忽略的。通过后面部分可以看到，集群在选出一个Leader后，最后稳定了。

其他结点可能也出现类似问题，属于正常。

第六步：安装验证

可以通过ZooKeeper的脚本来查看启动状态，包括集群中各个结点的角色（或是Leader，或是Follower），如下所示，是在ZooKeeper集群中的每个结点上查询的结果：

[plain]   view plain copy
  1. hadoop@slave-01:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ bin/zkServer.sh status  
  2. JMX enabled by default  
  3. Using config: /home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg  
  4. Mode: follower  
  5.   
  6. hadoop@slave-02:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$  bin/zkServer.sh status  
  7. JMX enabled by default  
  8. Using config: /home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg  
  9. Mode: leader  
  10.   
  11. hadoop@slave-03:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$  bin/zkServer.sh status  
  12. JMX enabled by default  
  13. Using config: /home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg  
  14. Mode: follower  
通过上面状态查询结果可见，slave-02是集群的Leader，其余的两个结点是Follower。

另外，可以通过客户端脚本，连接到ZooKeeper集群上。对于客户端来说，ZooKeeper是一个整体（ensemble），连接到ZooKeeper集群实际上感觉在独享整个集群的服务，所以，你可以在任何一个结点上建立到服务集群的连接，例如：

[plain]   view plain copy
  1. hadoop@slave-03:~/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4$ bin/zkCli.sh -server slave-01:2181  
  2. Connecting to slave-01:2181  
  3. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,068 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:zookeeper.version=3.3.3-1203054, built on 11/17/2011 05:47 GMT  
  4. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,080 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:host.name=slave-03  
  5. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,085 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.version=1.6.0_30  
  6. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,089 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.vendor=Sun Microsystems Inc.  
  7. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,095 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.home=/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre  
  8. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,104 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.class.path=/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../build/classes:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../zookeeper-3.3.4.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.15.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-lang-2.4.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-collections-3.2.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/commons-cli-1.1.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/apache-rat-tasks-0.6.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../lib/apache-rat-core-0.6.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4/bin/../conf:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/lib/*.jar:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/*.jar  
  9. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,111 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.library.path=/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/i386/client:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/lib/i386:/home/hadoop/installation/jdk1.6.0_30/jre/../lib/i386:/usr/java/packages/lib/i386:/lib:/usr/lib  
  10. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,116 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp  
  11. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,124 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:java.compiler=<NA>  
  12. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,169 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:os.name=Linux  
  13. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,175 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:os.arch=i386  
  14. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,177 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:os.version=3.0.0-14-generic  
  15. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,185 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:user.name=hadoop  
  16. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,188 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:user.home=/home/hadoop  
  17. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,190 - INFO  [main:Environment@97] - Client environment:user.dir=/home/hadoop/installation/zookeeper-3.3.4  
  18. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,197 - INFO  [main:ZooKeeper@379] - Initiating client connection, connectString=slave-01:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@bf32c  
  19. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,305 - INFO  [main-SendThread():ClientCnxn$SendThread@1061] - Opening socket connection to server slave-01/192.168.0.179:2181  
  20. Welcome to ZooKeeper!  
  21. 2012-01-08 07:14:21,376 - INFO  [main-SendThread(slave-01:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@950] - Socket connection established to slave-01/192.168.0.179:2181, initiating session  
  22. JLine support is enabled  
  23. [zk: slave-01:2181(CONNECTING) 0] 2012-01-08 07:14:21,872 - INFO  [main-SendThread(slave-01:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@739] - Session establishment complete on server slave-01/192.168.0.179:2181, sessionid = 0x134bdcd6b730000, negotiated timeout = 30000  
  24.   
  25. WATCHER::  
  26.   
  27. WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null  
  28.   
  29. [zk: slave-01:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /  
  30. [zookeeper]  
当前根路径为/zookeeper。

总结说明


主机名与IP地址映射配置问题

启动ZooKeeper集群时，如果ZooKeeper集群中slave-01结点的日志出现如下错误：

[plain]   view plain copy
  1. java.net.SocketTimeoutException  
  2.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:109)  
  3.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)  
  4.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)  
  5.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)  
  6.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)  
  7. 2012-01-08 06:37:46,026 - INFO  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:FastLeaderElection@697] - Notification time out: 6400  
  8. 2012-01-08 06:37:57,431 - WARN  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 2 at election address slave-02/202.106.199.35:3888  
  9. java.net.SocketTimeoutException  
  10.         at sun.nio.ch.SocketAdaptor.connect(SocketAdaptor.java:109)  
  11.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectOne(QuorumCnxManager.java:371)  
  12.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.connectAll(QuorumCnxManager.java:404)  
  13.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.FastLeaderElection.lookForLeader(FastLeaderElection.java:688)  
  14.         at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumPeer.run(QuorumPeer.java:622)  
  15. 2012-01-08 06:38:02,442 - WARN  [QuorumPeer:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:2181:QuorumCnxManager@384] - Cannot open channel to 3 at election address slave-03/202.106.199.35:3888  

很显然，slave-01在启动时连接集群中其他结点（slave-02、slave-03）时，主机名映射的IP与我们实际配置的不一致，所以集群中各个结点之间无法建立链路，整个ZooKeeper集群启动是失败的。

上面错误日志中slave-02/202.106.199.35:3888实际应该是slave-02/202.192.168.0.178:3888就对了，但是在进行域名解析的时候映射有问题，修改每个结点的/etc/hosts文件，将ZooKeeper集群中所有结点主机名到IP地址的映射配置上。


Logo
向您推荐>>Eolink开发者社区

权威｜前沿｜技术｜干货｜国内首个API全生命周期开发者社区

更多推荐

ELK实现containerd的容器日志采集展示【基于logging的全栈监测】

企业级ELK Stack构建介绍

avatar 云原生

深入理解 Mocha 测试框架：从零实现一个 Mocha

前言什么是自动化测试自动化测试在很多团队中都是Devops环节中很难执行起来的一个环节，主要原因在于测试代码的编写工作很难抽象，99%的场景都需要和业务强绑定，而且写测试代码的编写工作量往往比编写实际业务代码的工作量更多。在一些很多业务场景中投入产出比很低，适合写自动化测试的应该是那些中长期业务以及一些诸如组件一样的基础库。自动化测试是个比较大的概念，其中分类也比较多，比如单元测试，端对端测试，集

avatar 云原生

(20200916 Solved)docker-compose up创建容器自动退出

问题描述如题，创建容器后自动退出了。并且docker start container无效解决方案原因是缺失了控制终端的配置，需要在docker-compose.yml中增加tty:true ，有时候这样也不行，需要再增加一个command:/bin/bash，命令不一定是这个，需要是一个不会退出的命令，然后用-d后台启动容器。Referencesdocker-compose启动容器后自动退出...

avatar 云原生